제주특별자치도 유실ㆍ유기동물 현황 및 실태조사

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the status and actual condition of abandoned animals in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. This is used as basic data for the systematic management and maintenance of animal shelters in the Jeju region, and further provides a basis for establishing Jeju Special Self-Governing Province's abandoned animal policy direction and related projects, and its purpose is to help improve the welfare of abandoned animals. The current status of abandoned animals was surveyed from 2015 to 2022 targeting abandoned dogs and cats admitted to the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, and three specific diseases (dog heartworm, canine distemper, and parvovirus) were found in the admitted dogs. The infection rate was investigated. In addition, meaningful statistics and interpretations for efficient management of the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter were presented (Chapter 3, 4). In addition, the overall status of the TNR project carried out in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province from 2018 to 2022 was investigated and the status of each region was identified (Chapter 5). In the results of Chapter 3, the overall admission status, breed, gender, age, disease status, etc. of abandoned dogs and cats admitted to the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed, and the appropriate management of the animal shelter was analyzed. To maintain competency, meaningful statistics were calculated and analyzed. As a result of investigating the status of abandoned animals admitted to the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter from 2015 to 2019, there were a total of 24,557 abandoned dogs and 3,031 abandoned cats. As for the status of abandoned animals, 1,808 (7.4%) of abandoned dogs were handed over to their owners, 3,612 (14.7%) were sold, 12,266 (49.9%) were euthanized, and 6,876 were kept in shelters and died of illness or natural causes. (28%), and 15 escaped animals (0.1%). Although there was no difference in the ratio of male (49.8%) and female (50.2%) dogs admitted to the facility, there was a significant difference in the return rate and adoption of adult dogs compared to puppy dogs. There was no significant difference in the euthanasia rate between adult dogs (52.2%) and puppy dogs (49.3%) in the Jeju region as a whole, but the fact that only the death rate was about twice as different suggests that it is necessary to adjust the breeding environment within the shelter. This can be said to be a result that fragmentarily shows that there are problems with the environment and management of . As for abandoned cats, 984 cats (32.5%) were adopted, 452 cats (14.9%) were euthanized, 1,456 cats (48%) died naturally, and 84 cats (2.8%) were released. As for abandoned cats, the rate of natural death is greater than the rate of adoption or euthanasia, so the poor facilities and environment of the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter can be considered. In order to properly manage abandoned animals, facilities such as isolation and treatment rooms for infected animals are installed, and treatment is provided. It is believed that the establishment of a shelter staffed with appropriate personnel, including veterinarians, will be necessary. Heartworm tests were conducted on 9,459 of the 24,717 admitted dogs, of which 2,071 (21.9%) tested positive for the disease. Canine heartworm is a mosquito-borne disease and is known to have a higher detection rate in adult dogs than in young dogs due to its relatively long life cycle. The high infection rate in this survey was due to the fact that there were more adult dogs than puppies, taking into account physical examination and age. It is thought that Since canine distemper and parvovirus are highly contagious diseases within the shelter, most of them were tested upon admission, and infection rates were low at 7 (0.03%) and 89 (0.36%) dogs, respectively. The reason that abandoned dogs showed a higher infection rate with canine heartworm compared to other diseases is because, as described above, selective disease testing was conducted, and considering that the incubation period for canine heartworm is over 6 months, dogs were infected even before abandonment. There is a high possibility that there is, and this suggests that there are still many families who have neglected prevention of canine heartworm disease. As a result of conducting an analysis to analyze the appropriate management ability of the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter for abandoned dogs and cats admitted to the shelter from 2017 to 2019, the average MDA was found to be 17.4 days for abandoned dogs and 1.7 days for abandoned cats. , the average MDA adotions were 9.7 for abandoned dogs and 3.8 for abandoned cats. In addition, the average ADC was 67.9 days for abandoned dogs and 26.5 days for abandoned cats, but it was higher than the average MDA adoions of abandoned dogs in Seoul reported in 2013, and the average ADC of 34 days for abandoned dogs and 18 days for abandoned cats (Cho et al. 2015 ). This may be due to the rapid increase in the overall number of abandoned dogs entering shelters, regardless of region, compared to past reported data. In the results of Chapter 4, following Chapter 3, the overall admission status, breed, gender, age, disease status, etc. were analyzed for abandoned dogs and cats admitted to the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province from 2020 to 2022. Meaningful statistics were calculated and analyzed to maintain appropriate management capabilities of the shelter. As a result of investigating the status of abandoned animals admitted to the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter from 2020 to 2022, there were a total of 14,652 abandoned dogs and 2,932 abandoned cats. Continuing with the results of Chapter 3, the number of abandoned dogs showed a slight decrease starting from 21 years, while the number of abandoned cats increased significantly. This can be said to be the result of the government and local governments investing a lot of manpower and budget to suppress the occurrence of abandoned dogs. However, the reason for the significant increase in the number of abandoned cats can be seen as the result of a significant increase in the number of households raising companion cats compared to the past, an increase in interest in stray cats, and a corresponding increase in the number of reports of sick stray cats. As for the status of abandoned animals, 1,060 dogs (7.2%) were handed over to their owners, 1,519 dogs (10.4%) were sold, 8,617 dogs (58.8%) were euthanized, and 3,455 dogs were kept in shelters and died of illness or natural causes. (23.6%), etc. The admission rates for males and females were similar at 7,321 and 7,331 animals, respectively, and among the admitted animals, 8,998 (61.4%) were adult dogs and 5,654 (38.6%) were puppies, which was not significantly different from the results in Chapter 3. The ratio is :4. However, the results of Chapter 3 showed that the death rate of puppy dogs was about twice as high as that of adult dogs, showing that there were problems with the environment and management of the shelter, but animal protection in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province in 2017 and 2018 As a result of efforts such as completing the expansion and renovation of the center and completing the remodeling of the animal care center's animal hospital in 2019, the results showed a significantly higher mortality rate of 42.9%: 57.1%, indicating the need for improvement and control of the breeding environment in the shelter, In addition, the results showed that a lot of corresponding effort was put into it. As for abandoned cats, 803 cats (33.3%) were adopted, 359 cats (14.9%) were euthanized, and 906 cats (37.5%) died naturally. As for abandoned cats, the rate of natural death is still significantly higher than the rate of adoption or euthanasia, but the natural death rate has decreased by about 10% compared to the results in Chapter 3. Heartworm tests were conducted on 4,022 of the 15,000 animals admitted. In the case of heartworm, age was predicted during physical examination, and partial tests were performed only in adult dogs and cases in which disease was suspected. Of these, 956 (6.37%) tested positive for the disease, and 3,066 (20.44%) tested negative. The positive test rate decreased by a large margin compared to the results in Chapter 3, which appears to be the result of guardians' awareness of the risk of canine heartworm and efforts to prevent it. Since canine distemper and parvovirus are highly contagious diseases within the shelter, most tests were conducted upon admission. Distemper was tested on 13,787 animals, excluding 1,213 out of a total of 15,000. The majority, 13,783 (91.89%), tested negative for the disease, and only 4 (0.03%) tested positive for the disease. Parvovirus was also tested on 13,795 dogs, excluding 1,205 out of a total of 15,000, and 13,761 dogs (91.74%) tested negative for the disease and 34 dogs (0.23%) tested positive, with similar results to canine distemper. Data is shown. The prevalence of heartworm disease was high as selective disease tests were conducted taking into account physical examination and age, while the results for canine distemper and parvovirus were lower than those for heartworm disease because they were conducted on all admissions. Additionally, this showed almost identical results to the result data in Chapter 3. As a result of conducting an analysis to analyze the appropriate management ability of the Jeju Metropolitan Animal Shelter for abandoned dogs and cats admitted to the shelter from 2020 to 2022, the average MDA was found to be 13.3 days for abandoned dogs and 2.3 days for abandoned cats. The highest month was 15.0 in February for abandoned dogs, and 3.7 in June and September for abandoned cats. Abandoned dogs were evenly distributed without significant differences by month, and abandoned cats showed higher values from June to October than other months. RHC showed an average of 132.5 for abandoned dogs and 22.7 for abandoned cats. Similar to the MDA value, there was no significant difference by month for abandoned dogs, but a large difference ranged from 9.8 to 37.2 for abandoned cats. Abandoned dogs are admitted without much difference by month, but in the case of abandoned cats, the breeding cycle is short, and it is believed that this is because the number of kittens admitted increases significantly from spring to fall. The monthly average number of adoptions per day of stay (MDA adoptions) was 7.7 for abandoned dogs and 3.7 for abandoned cats, and the average ADC was 53.8 days for abandoned dogs and 26.1 days for abandoned cats, indicating that the number of admissions for abandoned dogs has decreased compared to past data. Able to know. RSDC also showed results of 33.1 hours for abandoned dogs and 5.7 hours for abandoned cats, which is compared to the data in Chapter 3. This result occurred because the number of abandoned dogs admitted decreased and the number of abandoned cats increased. In the results of Chapter 5, the performance and budget status by year, classification by region, etc. were analyzed to determine the status and status of the stray cat TNR project carried out in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province from 2018 to 2022. The total number of stray cat TNR projects performed in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province from 2018 to 2022 is 3,816. The male to female ratio was almost the same at 49.1:50.9, and the number of animals undergoing TNR treatment each year continued to increase significantly, which appeared to increase along with the overall budget of Jeju Special Self-Governing Province for the stray cat TNR project. In addition, as more citizens become aware of neutering, demand has increased, and it is believed that trapping has become easier due to the activation of care activities by animal protection groups, cat moms, and cat daddies. Looking at the change in the number of TNR treated animals by town, village, and dong in Jeju City and Seogwipo City from 2018 to 2022, both towns and villages showed an increasing trend, and the town area showed a faster increase than the eastern region. The town area has more space and a better environment for stray cats to live in compared to the town area, and there are more road kills and risk factors in the town area than the town area, so it seems that the above result data appears. In addition, the number of household members and month-month migrants migrating from the mainland to Jeju Special Self-Governing Province has increased significantly. These people prefer to escape from the stuffy city life and live with nature and animals, so they prefer to live with nature and animals rather than the eastern region. It is believed that the high probability of settling in the area and the favorable perception of stray cats in terms of coexistence with animals have had some influence on the increase in the TNR population of stray cats in town and township areas. As for the stray cat TNR project in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, as the budget increases, the number of animals treated also increases. Looking at the simple numbers, it can be thought that it is progressing well. However, since the overall number of stray cats is not currently known, the stray cat TNR project is It cannot be said that it is effective in controlling the population, and it can be said that the result shows the limitations of implementing TNR as a way to resolve civil complaints. However, as in the intensive TNR project conducted in Udo-myeon, Jeju-si in 2021 and Gapado and Marado in Seogwipo-si in 2020 and 2021, when TNR was carried out on more than 70% of the individuals of a colony, the results showed that there was a clear population control effect. Since TNR implemented by local governments involves the public budget, the government has no choice but to react sensitively to cost-effectiveness. In addition, since civil complaints cannot be ignored, the stray cat TNR project must continue to be carried out. However, if the budget is greatly expanded in the future and manpower and equipment are supplemented, it is better to implement it intensively in one colony rather than sporadically. It is believed that results that effectively represent the purpose of the TNR project can be derived. This study is data related to the current status and actual condition survey of abandoned animals in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, and is used as basic data for the systematic management and maintenance of animal shelters in the Jeju region. Furthermore, it is further used as a basis for establishing Jeju Special Self-Governing Province's abandoned animal policy direction and related projects. It was implemented with the purpose of helping to improve the welfare of abandoned animals. The issue of abandoned animals is one of the hot issues in the companion animal sector in Korea. In Korea, more than 100,000 cases of abandoned animals occur every year, and there are 269 abandoned animal shelters across the country. However, most shelters are operated without a full-time veterinarian due to poor finances, so there is no proper disease treatment and quarantine for admitted animals. Management is difficult. Considering the amount of abandoned animals, animal shelters are necessary and their capabilities must be strengthened even if there is an increase or decrease in the number of abandoned animals every year. At the same time, operating guidelines and standardization for government-led animal shelters, which are public goods, must be quickly established. This will provide a basis for operating a humane and professional animal protection center in local governments and will help improve the welfare of abandoned animals. In addition, problems related to abandoned animals are not limited to animal shelters, and animal shelters are only one of the humane ways to solve the problem. The situation must continue to improve in all areas, including strong laws, control of the number of animals entering the market, appropriate regulation of sales and breeding businesses, continuous promotion of neutering surgery, promotion of the pet registration system, and raising the level of public awareness about companion animals. We hope that the problem regarding animals will be resolved.