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예비노년층의 여가동기와 여가제약 협상모델 연구

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Alternative Title
豫備老年層의 餘暇動機와 餘暇制約 協商모델 硏究 : 動的ㆍ靜的 餘暇活動 比較
Testing Leisure Motivation and Leisure Constraints Negotiation Model for Pre-elder people : Comparison between Physical and non-Physical Leisure Activities
Abstract
It is undoubtedly true that we should engage in leisure activities by preparing and planning given leisure time at an old age to make an old-age life more leisurely and happily. Unlike the past, modern elder groups tend to actively participate in leisure activities to enjoy their old-age lives while keeping their physical and spiritual health. However, it is not easy to start leisure activities at the time of old age, pre-elders should make efforts to participate in leisure activities before they get too old. Those who actively participate in leisure activities at their pre-elder ages are highly likely to keep their leisure activities naturally even when they get old. Therefore, overall understanding on leisure activities in pre-elder age can provide predictive data for understanding their leisure activities in their elder age.
There are a wide range of leisure activities in general, it can be said that the categorization of leisure activities was also divided into various types depending on the purpose of studies. Types of leisure activities by pre-elders may vary ranging from physical activities like sports to spare time activities such as Chinese calligraphy or drawing, suggesting other types of leisure activities which are much more focused on psychological activities than physical activities.
It can be said that the former can be defined as physical leisure activities while the latter can be characterized as non-physical leisure activities. Therefore, leisure activities in this study were categorized as physical and non-physical leisure activities. Taking a look at the process of turing leisure activity into leisure participation theoretically, the participation of leisure activities is created through leisure motives which facilitate leisure activities. Even the motivation on participating leisure activities was made, however, each human has its own leisure constraint that prevents participation of leisure activities. The relationships between leisure motivation and leisure constraint act as counter-effective factors in leisure participation and internal leisure negotiation is bound to be made in between leisure motivation and leisure constraint .In this regard, it is important to identify how the internal leisure negotiation relates to other variables and the overall leisure activities.
The main purpose of this study is to identify structural relations of leisure motivation, leisure constraint, leisure constraint negotiation, leisure participation, and continued intention in old ages. Currently, the structural model on leisure motivation, leisure constraint, and leisure participation is still at exploring research level. In view of this, the study tries to identify structural model among variables and seeks confirmative model on the research of pre-elder people which once was theoretically researched by adding a variable called leisure constraint negotiation. Added to that, types of leisure activities were categorized as physical and non-physical leisure activities and identified the structural difference between these two types of leisure activities.
To accomplish the purpose of this study, research model and hypothesis was set through reference study. A preliminary survey was conducted on pre-elders in Jeju for 3 days starting from 1 April, 2010 for empirical analysis. After deleting and modifying questionnaire items that are not reliable and feasible, another survey was conducted from 5 to 13 April and a total of 362 data were collected.
The study findings showed significant differences depending on the types of leisure motivation: physical leisure activities showed strong 'emotional motivation' while the participation motivation in non-physical leisure activities was represented by 'enjoyment motivation' as the strong factor. Also, leisure motivation was significantly influencing leisure constraint negotiation on both physical leisure activities and non-physical leisure activities. It was also significantly and directly influencing leisure activity participation. In case of leisure constraint, 'physical constraint factor' was strong factor in dynamic leisure activities while 'individual constraint factor' was strong factor in static leisure activities. In terms of leisure constraint negotiation factor, it was found that 'time/technology negotiation factor' was significant factor in both dynamic leisure activities and static leisure activities
Leisure constraints were showing relative differences by types of leisure activities. In physical leisure activities, leisure constraint was not directly affecting on leisure participation but directly affecting on the leisure activity through leisure constraint negotiation. In case of non-physical leisure activities, participation of leisure constraint was not made through leisure constraint negotiation but it was directly influential in leisure participation. The findings of Son et al.(2008)'s study which identified structural relations on park visitors contrasts with the study findings which recognized leisure constraint, leisure constraint negotiation and leisure participation independently while the finding of Choi(2009)'s research were structurally identical in that leisure constraint negotiation acts as intermediary factor between leisure constraint and leisure participation .
The suitability of these structural relations was also identified as suitable in the expanded model which added consistent variables to identify the leisure intention on keeping current leisure activities through elder age.
At a time when ageing issues are becoming as social problems, the research on leisure activities of pre-elder people will provide better understanding on leisure activities of the elderly.
It is meaningful that this study attempted to categorize leisure activities into two groups (physical and non-physical) to identify how leisure motivation and leisure constraint interconnect and influence on leisure participation while previous studies were confined to specific leisure activities.
Studies on structural relationship of leisure motivation, leisure constraint, leisure constraint negotiation and participation are still at a basic level. However, it is meaningful that this study further explored leisure sciences by applying leisure negotiation model into the overall leisure activities of pre-elders.
Hopefully further studies on this leisure activities are made to provide guidelines on addressing ageing issues by implementing its leisure-participating atmosphere that the aged society of Korea is not a serious social problem but a social phenomenon that can be naturally accepted and overcome.
Author(s)
고보숙
Issued Date
2010
Awarded Date
2010. 8
Type
Dissertation
URI
http://dcoll.jejunu.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000005179
Alternative Author(s)
Koh, Bo Sook
Affiliation
제주대학교 일반대학원
Department
대학원 관광경영학과
Advisor
최병길
Table Of Contents
목 차
Ⅰ. 서 론 1

1. 연구의 배경 1
2. 연구의 목적 4
3. 연구방법 및 범위 6

Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 8

1. 예비노년층의 여가활동 유형과 특성 8
1) 예비노년층의 개념 8
2) 예비노년층의 여가 개념과 유형 12
3) 예비노년층의 여가활동 특성 및 중요성 18

2. 예비노년층의 여가동기 21
1) 예비노년층의 여가동기 개념 21
2) 예비노년층의 여가동기 유형 및 구성요인 23
3) 예비노년층의 여가동기의 측정항목 26

3. 예비노년층의 여가제약 29
1) 예비노년층의 여가제약 개념 29
2) 예비노년층의 여가제약 유형 및 구성요인 30
3) 예비노년층의 여가제약 측정항목 38

4. 예비노년층의 여가제약 협상 40
1) 예비노년층의 여가제약 협상 개념 40
2) 예비노년층의 여가제약 협상 유형 41
3) 예비노년층의 여가제약 협상 측정항목 44

5. 선행연구의 검토 46
1) 예비노년층의 여가동기와 참여 간의 관계 46
2) 예비노년층의 여가동기, 제약 및 참여 간의 관계 47
3) 여가동기, 제약, 협상, 참여 및 지속의도 간의 관계 50

Ⅲ. 연구의 설계 60

1. 연구모형 및 가설의 설정 60
1) 연구모형 60
2) 가설 설정 61
3) 변수의 조작적 정의 62

2. 연구의 조사 설계 64
1) 설문지 구성과 자료의 측정 64
2) 자료의 수집 및 분석방법 65

Ⅵ. 분석 결과 67

1. 표본의 구성과 특성 67
1) 표본의 인구통계적 특성 67
2) 여가활동 유형별 표본의 특성 68
2. 측정변수의 신뢰성 및 타당성 검증 69
1) 탐색적 요인분석(EFA) 71
2) 확인적 요인분석(CFA) 82

3. 연구가설 검증 87
1) 동적여가활동 참여 집단의 모형검증 87
2) 정적여가활동 참여 집단의 모형검증 90

4. 분석결과 요약 및 시사점 93
1) 분석결과의 요약 93
2) 분석결과의 시사점 94

V. 결 론 99
1. 연구의 요약 99
2. 연구의 한계 및 제언 102


참고문헌 104
설문지 113
ABSTRACT 117
Degree
Doctor
Publisher
제주대학교 일반대학원
Citation
고보숙. (2010). 예비노년층의 여가동기와 여가제약 협상모델 연구
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