카지노산업의 영향인식과 태도에 관한 연구

Abstract

The casino industry has seen tremendous growth in the tourism sector. Casinos should assume the role of complex recreation facilities which offer lots of leisure activities and entertainment. Recently, many countries around the world have been competing in legalizing casinos. There are 17 casinos in South Korea. 16 of them for foreign tourists, only Kangwon Land is for domestic visitors. Many local governments have wanted to establish casino industries in their areas for local development. Residents' perception and attitudes toward the casino industry are an area of increasing interest to tourism managers, public policy makers, and academicians. Regarding the opening of the casinos to the public, who have been totally excluded under a foreign tourist only policy, in an attempt to overcome the managerial difficulties from the fierce competition within the casino industry in Jeju region. The purpose of this study is to codify theories on residents' perceptions and attitudes toward the casino industry and to test residents' attitudes on casino industry effects of residents' perceptions, Especially regarding casino for domestic visitors of the Jeju region through the investigation of the public opinion in Jeju region. Also, to classify residents' base on perceptions and attitudes toward casino industry in addition to discussion about suggestions for change of attitudes. To attain objectives of this study, previous studies involved in this topic were reviewed, a literal study and an empirical study are conducted. and then a systematic model based on literature review was built and tested. In Fall 2006, Primary data were collected by questionnaire survey over a period of three weeks. 400 questionnaires were distributed to residents throughout the Jeju region via quota sampling method. 356 were obtained and finally 309 questionnaires were used in statistics analysis. Result of factor analysis, thirty-five impact perceptions items of casino industry were extracted into five underlying dimensions. The important findings and implications are suggested through t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis conducted at the base of factor analysis & reliability analysis. We proved 3 hypotheses. Hypotheses 1 is to test the difference of resident's perceptions according to residents' personal characteristics. Hypotheses 2 is to grasp relations with resident's perceptions and attitudes on casino industry. Attitudes are consist of three: for additionally permitting only foreigner tourists, for opening admission to domestic visitors, for developing casino resort in Jeju region. Hypotheses 3 is to test the difference of resident's attitudes according to residents' personal characteristics. Positive impact perceptions included the attraction of tourists, the acquisition of foreign currencies, invitation of foreign capital, increase in taxes income and the promotion of local economy, recreational and cultural opportunities and so on. Negative impact perceptions included personal bankruptcy, divorce and crime increase, alcoholism, prostitution, noise pollution, traffic problems, confusion and so on. A regression model was estimated of resident support for additional permission of only foreigner tourists casino, introduction of casinos which would be open to the public(domestic tourists), and development of multiple casino complex town in Jeju. Results suggested that residents grouped according to pros and cons. respondents perceive that casino industry provides many economic and sociocultural benefits, but are ambivalent about negative environmental problems. There was great difference among respondents depending on the degree to which their job related with tourism including casino industry. In terms of demographic variations, the exception of sex, occupation, marital status, significant differences could not be found. This study attempts to identify the economic, sociocultural, environmental impact under the assumption that the casino is open to domestic and residential people. The research result indicates that the people in the community generally take a positive view toward the opening of casino to the public and respondents' perception toward casino impacts was significant predictors of their support for legalized casino industry in their community. Implications for casino industry proponents and opponents are provided. Though of some limit, this study will make a contribution to the decision making by the Jeju government when the casino policy should change. Also, it is meaningful attempt in that this study verifies residents' perceptions and attitudes toward the casino industry with circumstances of Jeju region.