한라산 동서사면 상록활엽수림대의 식물상 및 식생

Abstract

This study was conducted to characterize the difference between the eastern and the western area, with different climate from each others, by investigating the flora and vegetation of the administration conservation district in the evergreen broad-leaved forest zone on Mt. Halla.

As a result of investigation of flora, the total number of taxa of vascular plants were 896, 142 families, 501 genera, 882 species, 11 varieties, 4 forma. Among these taxa, endemic plants in Korea were 12 species belonging to 12 genera 9 families. And naturalized plants were 101 species belonging to 92 genera 28 families. 92 species Mankyua chejuense, Microsorium superficiale, etc., were distributed restrictedly in the east-facing slope. 55 species Arachniodes simplicior, Neocheiropteris ensata, etc., were distributed restrictedly to in the west-facing slope.

The vegetation analysis in the present study summarized as follows:

Evergreen broad-leaved forests were classified into the Miscanathetea sinensis, Rosetea multiflorae, Camelletea japonica, and Fagetea crenatae. Miscanathetea sinensis composed of one community with three sub-communities; Artemisia princeps var. orientalis-Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum community, Zoysia japonica-Potentilla kieiniana sub-community, Pennisetum alopecuroides sub-community, and Miscanthus sinensis-Agrimonia pilosa sub-community. Rosetea multiflorae composed of one community with three sub-communities and three variant-communities, Elaeagnus umbellata -Ligustrum obtusifolium community; Stephanandra incisa sub-community, Rosa multiflora-Rubus coreanus sub-community, Aralia elata-Clerodendron trichotomum variant-community, Ulmus parvifolia -Caesalpinia decapetala variant-community, Cudrania tricuspidata variant-community and Rosa multiflora-Rubus coreanus sub-community Typical. Camelletea japonica composed of three associations with three subassociations and two variants; Cyrtomio fortunei-Quercetum glaucae, Cyrtomio fortunei-Quercetum glaucae daphneetosum kiusianae subass., Cyrtomio fortunei-Quercetum glaucae polystichetosum tripteron subass., Cyrtomio fortunei-Quercetum glaucae polystichetosum tripteron typicum, Neocheiropteretosum ensatae variant, Ardisio-Castanopsietum sieboldii and Ardisio-Quercetum acutae. Fagetea crenatae composed of two associations with four subassociations; Orixo japonicae-Celtetum sinensis, Orixo japonicae-Celtetum sinensis typical, Orixo japonicae-Celtetum sinensis ligustretosum ovalifolium subass., Violo chaerophylloidae-Quercertum serratae, Violo chaerophylloidae-Quercertum serratae Typicum, Violo chaerophylloidae-Quercertum serratae sasetosum quelpaertensis subass.. Two new communities were discribed in this study. One was the evergreen broad-leaved forest, the other was the deciduous forest. It is difficult to classify the glassland and the mantle community, because they are composed of unstable vegetaions by artificial disturbances. It is necessary to study the grassland and the mantle community, later.

There must be distinct differences between the east-facing and the west-facing slope of the evergreen broad-leaved forests on Mt. Halla, in the flora and vegetation. It may be resulted by the various environmental factors including the precipitation and the elevation. In this study was conducted with the natural forests in the flat land, therefore, in the near future, the more detailed studies on the parasitic cones, the depressions, and the valleies should be conducted to provide valuable information for the flora and vegetation of the evergreen broad-leaved forests on Mt. Halla.