航空安全規制 制度의 改善方案에 대한 硏究

Abstract

Air freight is recognized as the most effective international and long-distance resource of forwarding, and aerial accidents not only affect choosing an airline, but also cause national economic loss along with declined international reliability and national aerial safety. Recent large-scale accidents(911 terror attack, Gimhae aerial accident, etc) around the world raised the public mind for safety, and provided a turning point to increasing interest for overall safety management in all fields including the field of aviation. As a result of the first audit for aerial safety executed by ICAO(International Civil Aviation Organization) on June 2000 in the field of aviation, Korea received judgment as 2ndlevel in international aerial safety in the announcement made in August, so regulations and systems for domestic aerial safety has gone through much preparation and improvements until recently. Due to such series of accidents and judgment as 2nd level in aerial safety, the government has immensely expanded safety organizations and human resources by founding Civil Aviation Safety Authority in August 2002, and reinforced safety regulations for aerial businesses by intensifying regulations and standards. Today many countries with advanced aviation services put much priority on raising the efficacy of aerial safety regulations, and race each other to establish efficient regulation system, because the role of air freight as transportation enhanced, its important positions as a national key industry, and safety that must be prioritized as the most fundamental factor in air freight industry. Before regulations for aerial safety have operated as an essential measure the government must practice for aerial safety, and will continue to stay as an important tool in the future. However, traditional approach to aerial safety regulations has been greatly disappointing to achieving the goal of aerial goal, not to mention the immense expense. Recently as supply and demand for domestic and international air transportation increased, national interest for aerial safety increased, but followed by outcry for concern as aircraft accidents happen more than often. On the other hand, complexity of general activities in the air freight industry such as aircraft maintenance, operation, ownership, and services, rapid technology advancement, multinational aircraft designing and manufacturing, international cooperation and merger by airlines, and changes in air travel patterns have continuously caused structural changes in the air freight industry and raised operational efficiency, but government regulating resources that should be in charge are limited in many aspects, which will eventually be heavily burdened by aerial safety regulating activities in the future. Now we live in an environment where even the smallest aerial accidents cause national distrust and concerns for the air freight industry, and if another serious accident as the Guam crash happens again, we cannot neglect the possibility of it leading to the issue of continuing or abolishing Korea's air freight industry. Therefore, thorough and strict aerial safety management must be made under the recognition that there must be no more serious accidents in air freight, and even if there is any accident, it must not be serious. Also, such management for aerial safety must be made efficiently. Developing air freight industry that corresponds to international air freight industry is not realized only with a government's will, but has grown passively under the protectionism of control and guideline called government regulation and under the notion of national protection and pursuing national benefits through the government and manager's management philosophy and government's air industry. Nevertheless in the future, each airline and related firms must change to operate voluntarily and actively by letting down government regulations, and the government must establish policy goals by minimizing regulations so aviation related firms can develop in a leading position. Year 2007 was the year Korea achieved 8 years of no-airline-accidents in a row since 2000. It was the fruit of Korea's endless efforts to prevent accidents and establish measures to reinforce aerial safety after the cargo plane crash in England last December 1999. Yet we took a reactive approach in safety management in the field of aviation that takes measures after accidents happen until now. Such approach demands the government's ability to supervise safety more than what's necessary or conflict among each field, and is a method that inevitably brings out the limits in preventing other aerial accidents and traffic increase. Now is the point that the aerial industry must intensify its safety culture, share safety information through fluent communications in advance, and convert to anautonomic safety management system providing feedback under sound leadership and regulations for government safety.