2008∼2009년 제주도 고산지역 대기 에어로졸의 입경별 조성 비교

Abstract

The size-segregated aerosols were collected by 8-stage Andersen cascade impactor at Gosan site of Jeju island during 2008∼2009, and their compositions have been analyzed to understand the pollution characteristics and emission sources. The mass concentrations were within the range of 21.0∼194.4 μg/m3. The size distribution of mass concentrations were mostly appeared as bimodal distribution, showing high at 0.4∼0.7 and 4.7∼5.8 μm ranges. The mean concentrations of ionic components were in the order of nss-SO42- > NO3- > Cl- > Na+ > NH4+ > nss-Ca2+ > K+ > Mg2+, and those of elemental components were in the order of S > Al > Na > Ca > Fe > K > Mg > Zn > Pb > Ti > Ba > Sr > Cr > Mn > Ni > Cu > V > Mo > Co > Cd. The size distribution of NH4+, nss-SO42-, K+ and S originated mainly from anthropogenic pollution sources was mostly in the ultrafine particle(0.4∼1.1 μm) and showed bimodal pattern. On the other hand, the size distribution of NO3-, nss-Ca2+, Na+, Cl-, Al, Na, Ca and Fe influenced by soil or marine sources except NO3- was mainly in the coarse particle(>3.3 μm) and showed monomodal pattern. Consequently, the anthropogenic components (NH4+, nss-SO42-, NO3-, K+, S, Zn, Pb, Ni) were distributed as in the order of ultrafine > fine > coarse particles, but the natural components (Na+, Cl-, Mg2+, nss-Ca2+, Al, Na, Ca, Fe, Mg) were as in the order of coarse > fine > ultrafine particles. The seasonal comparison revealed that most components showed high concentrations in spring due to Asian dust event. The concentrations of NH4+, nss-Ca2+, Al, Na, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Ti, Ba and Mn were respectively 10.5, 24.2, 10.6, 12.2, 10.9, 13.6, 9.6, 10.0, 11.3, 8.1, 9.7 times higher during Asian dust period compared to Non-Asian dust period. From the factor analysis, the atmospheric aerosols at Gosan site were influenced mainly by soil and marine sources, followed by anthropogenic sources during Asian dust period, but by anthropogenic > soil > marine sources during Non-Asian dust periods. The backward trajectory analysis has shown that the concentrations of most components, except Ti, Ba, Sr, Cr, Ni, and Cd, had increased as the air mass moved from the North China Continent (Sector Ⅱ).