후천성 장애인의 일상생활 수행 능력, 지각된 건강상태, 사회적 지지가 회복력에 미치는 영향

Abstract

This study was to identify the level of resilience and to examine the correlation among activities of daily living, perceived health status, and social support, which would be utilized for basic data of a nursing intervention to improve the resilience of acquired disabled persons. Subjects of this study consisted of 200 acquired disabled persons at 2 disabled welfare institutes and 5 hospitals, in jeju city. Data were collected by means of structured questionnaire and face to face survey from October, 2011 to November, 2011. To measure the level of resilience, Resilience Scale developed by Kim (2002) and adjusted by Bae (2005) was used. Lawton (1971)'s Physical & Instrumental Activity of Daily Living Scales, which was translated in Korean and adjusted by Kim (2004), was used to measure the level of Activity of Daily Living. The Perceived Health Status scale developed by Speake, Cowart, and Pellet (1989) and translated in Korean and adjusted by Hwang (2000) was used to measure the level of perceived health status. The Social Support scale developed by Park (1985) and adjusted by Kim (1995) was used to measure the level of social support. The collected data were analyzed by using frequency, percent, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression with SAS 9.1 verson.

The results of this study were as follow: 1. The mean value of resilience was 85.7 (±14.08), activities of daily living was 11.41 (±8.90), perceived health status was 7.71 (±2.63), and social support was 82.2 (±21.02). 2. Among general characteristics, resilience showed significant differences by age (F=2.36, p=.05), monthly house income (F=3.00, p=.001), and religion (F=3.37, p=.003). 3. The relationship between resilience and activities of daily living showed negative correlations (r=-.24, p=.001), while positive correlations showed between resilience and perceived health status (r=.38, p<.001), resilience and social support (r=.40, p<.001). 4. The factors significantly affecting the resilience of acquired disabled persons were social support, activities of daily living, and perceived health status. These factors explained 27.6% of resilience of acquired disabled persons. As a social support was found to be the most affecting factor on resilience of acquired disabled persons, it is important to develop nursing intervention program, in order to improve their resilience, which can utilize the available community resources and activate supporting groups to strengthen social support. Rehabilitation and self-care management to improve level of activities of daily living and perceived health status should be considered when planning comprehensive nursing interventions to increase resilience for the acquired disabled persons.