한국과 중국간 무역구조의 비교 분석에 관한 연구

Abstract

Since the Korea-China diplomatic tie has been established in 1992, two countries have maintained a good relationship not only just in the field of economic relations but in other areas. Two economies have a strong compatibility with huge cooperative potential in trade and investment. In 2011, China became the largest trading partner as well as investment for Korea while Korea became the third-largest trade partner for China. This thesis analysis the problems of the Korea-China trade structure and suggest several ways to promote trade between two countries. The results - 70 - could be summarized as follow. First, for China the most serious problem is its continued trade deficit vis-?vis Korea. Since 1992, while the trade volumes between two countries have been skyrocketing, Korea's exports to China have grown significantly. However, China has not been able to escape from trade deficits. Second, from the perspective of Korea, the problem lies in deepening trade dependency on China. After establishment of diplomatic relation between the Korea and China in 1992, the importance of China as an export market has been growing and consequently, Korea's export dependency on China has significantly increased. This Dependency on China has risen from 3.5% in 1992 to 20% in 2011, which means that Korean economy became very sensitive to the changes of Chinese economy. Third, in terms of Korea-China trade structure by industry, Korea export technology-intensive goods while those of China are composed of laborintensive goods. Korea has comparative advantage in technology-intensive ones such as machinery and components while most of China's comparative advantage items were labor-intensive products such as foods and textiles. Lastly, the problems of two countries to promote trade could be summarized as follows: first of all, Korean government should pursue a reciprocal relationship with Chinese government and lower a range of non-tariff barriers to China. Furthermore it is necessary to foster trade specialists in China so as to strengthen its trade negotiation power with China. Aside from the government, businesses should reinforce their efforts to penetrate and explore the Chinese market and develop competitive products. On the other hand, the - 71 - Chinese government should make an effort to solve the problem of the adverse balance of trade. Also, Chinese businesses should try to exchange mutual information among exporting companies, to organize a cooperative union, and to protect mutual benefits while cultivating specialists in anti-dumping in relation to trade disputes and increase the technical competitiveness of their export products.