제주도 화구호 습지의 세균군집 분석

Abstract

In this study, bacterial samples were collected from 9 volcanic wetlands on the Jeju Island and culturable bacteria were isolated. Subsequently, we analyzed the bacterial communities through RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) typing by HaeⅢ digestion and sequence analysis of PCR amplified 16S rRNA genes of isolated bacteria. From Dongsuak wetland sample, 160 colonies were picked and divided into 26 RFLP patterns. The bacterial species were distributed in three phyla, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and among these phyla, most bacterial species were distributed in the class β-Proteobacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria. In Eoseungsaeng sample, 295 colonies were picked and divided into 11 RFLP patterns. Three phyla, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, were confirmed. The bacterial species belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria were approximately 70 % of total numbers of species. Arthrobacter oryzae was predominant. In Geumoreum sample, 92 colonies were picked and divided into 23 RFLP patterns. Three phyla, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, were confirmed. The numbers of bacterial species were found, in descending order, in the classes of α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria. The numbers of bacterial species belonging to the class Sphingobacteria of the phylum Bacteroidetes were counted for approximately 1 %. In Saraoreum, 209 colonies were separated and divided into 26 RFLP patterns. They were classified into 4 phyla and 3 classes. The genera Variovorax, Acidovorax, and Paralcaligenes were dominant in β-Proteobacteria class. In Mulchatoreum, 675 colonies were picked and divided into 57 RFLP patterns. The bacterial species found in this sample belonged to 8 classes in 5 phyla, and showed the highest diversity among the 9 study areas. Proteobacteria and β-Proteobacteria comprized most abundant bacterial species in the phylum and class level respectively. The numbers of bacterial species were shown, in descending order, in the classes of β-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, α-Proteobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria, the class Bacilli of the phylum Firmicutes, the class Cytophagia of the phylum Bacteroidetes, the class Sphingobacteria and the class Verrucomicrobiae of the phylum Verrucomicrobia. In Muljangori sample, 174 colonies were picked and divided into 15 RFLP patterns. The numbers of bacterial species belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria accupied approximately 99 %, and the phylum Actinobacteria accupied the remaining 1 %. In the phylum Proteobacteria, only two classes of α-Proteobacteria and β-Proteobacteria were shown. In Mulyeongari sample, 123 colonies were picked and divided into 28 RFLP patterns. In the class β-Proteobacteria, much bacterial species belonging to the genera Pelomonas and Herbaspirillum were isolated. The genus Rhizobium in the class α-Proteobacteria and genus Pantoea in the class γ-Proteobacteria were commonly found. In addition, bacteria belonging to the class Flavobacteria and Sphingobacteria in the phylum Bacteroidetes were isolated. In Semioreum sample, 215 colonies were picked and divided into 9 RFLP patterns. The numbers of bacterial species belonging to the class α-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Flavobacteria were isolated. the genera Novosphingobium, Beijerinckia and Shinella were shown in the class α-Proteobacteria. In the class Actinobacteria, the bacteria belonging to genera Micrococcus, Micromonospora, Sporichthya and Arthrobacter were shown. Flavobacterium was isolated in the class Flavobacteria of the phylum Bacteroidetes. In Wondangbong sample, 245 colonies were picked and divided into 33 RFLP patterns. The bacteria were isolated in 6 classes of 4 phyla. The numbers of bacterial species belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were isolated, and were most frequently separated in the phylum Proteobacteria, followed by in the phylum Actinobacteria. At the class level, the bacteria were frequently separated in order Actinobacteria, α-Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria and β-Proteobacteria.