17·18세기 虎患 피해 양상과 대응책

Abstract

Tiger disaster in Joseon Dynasty broke out throughout the country except island areas. Tiger disaster that continuously occurred in Joseon Dynasty caused various kinds of social problems and government had expanded tiger capture activities to solve this. However, tiger capture activities at early Joseon dynasty resulted in exploitation against people or suspension of hunting due to complaints against the compensation over the time. Accordingly, tiger capture activities had not been conducted properly and tiger disaster continued while negative awareness on goal of tiger capture policy got stronger. In particular, tiger disaster after two wars took a new turn along with unstable social phenomenon. As tiger disaster continued despite measure of government, Joseon government carried out tiger capture policy to solve this. However, tiger hunters did not satisfy with compensation of tiger hunting policy and stopped tiger hunting or changed to exploit the people. Tiger capture policy exposed its limit as the burden was shifted to general public due to instability of tiger capture activity or overuse of tiger capture policy while government tried to execute tiger capture policy by complementing such tiger capture activity. 17th century and 18th century for this thesis were the times when the conflict between dominating class and dominated class of Joseon society got intensified after two wars, and civilians finally requested more reasonable relations for country. This situation was clearly different from that of the past and the conflict element of social class in dominated class went to extremes as the corruption of ruling class and contradiction of society got intensified. Joseon government carried out tiger capture policy to solve the problems concerning public welfare of people frequently suffering from tiger disaster. Up to now, studies on tiger capture policy and tiger disaster were limited on early phase of Joseon in terms of period. Tiger disaster frequently occurred due to conflict between tigers and the public as the people cultivated the area of tiger to farmland due to devastated land. Most studies are related to tiger capture policy and activities performed by central government to stabilize the livelihoods of the public as well as effects of results. In contrast, there has been almost no study on tiger capture policy carried out by the central government and tiger disaster of late Joseon period. In addition to this, it is necessary to examine effects of tiger disaster and tiger capture policy of late Joseon period. This study is meaningful in that it is fundamental examination on the aspects of efforts of central government trying to pursue stability of the livelihoods of the public, which was included as a social problem of the late Joseon.