승마 장애물 비월에서 도약거리와 높이에 따른 기승자세의 운동역학적 분석

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the kinetic variables of riding posture according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping in equestrian. Participants selected as the subject were consisted of adult males(n=10, age: 15.00±3.19yrs, height: 171.80±2.78cm, body mass: 73.02±9.92kg, low extremity length: 96.68±3.30cm, stirrup length: 72.00±0.00cm) and divided into 2-types of fence heights(50cm, 80cm) according to take off distance(50cm fence: shortest distance=87.50±39.47cm[ratio of height 50.93%]longest distance=102.60±54.84cm[ratio of height 59.72%], 80cm fence: shortest distance= 156.77±59.84cm[ratio of height 91.25%], longest distance=201.45±40.11cm[ratio of height 117.25%]). The variables analyzed were consisted of the upper·lower extremity joint angle(elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, ankle), dynamic postural stability(displacement of Y axis COM position, displacement of Z axis COM position, COM velocity, front-rear angle[FR angle], left-right angle[LR angle], front-rear angle excursion[F-RAE], left-right angle excursion[L-RAE], kinetic variables(potential energy, mechanical work, power of COM, average vertical force), and asymmetric index(elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, ankle). The 4 camcorder(HDR-HC7/HDV 1080i, Sony Corp, Japen) were used to capture riding posture at rate of 60 frames. The raw data were collected form Kwon3D XP motion analysis package ver 4.0 program(Visol, Korea) during show jumping. As a result, the following conclusions obtained were as follows. 1) Upper·lower extremity joint angle ① Angle of elbow showed significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at HCM. but interaction effect didn't show. ② Angle of shoulder showed significant difference statistically according to the take off distance during show jumping at FTD 1 and also interaction effect showed significant difference at FTD 1(H>D). ③ Angle of hip didn't show significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at FTD 1, FTO, HCM, FTD 2, and HTD and also interaction effect didn't show. ④ Angle of knee showed significant difference statistically according to the fence heights during show jumping at HCM, and also interaction effect didn't show. ⑤ Angle of ankle didn't show significant difference according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at FTD 1, FTO, HCM, FTD 2, and HTD and also interaction effect didn't show. 2) Dynamic postural stability ① Displacement of Y axis COM position showed significant difference statistically according to the fence heights during show jumping at TO and S 2, according to the fence heights and take off distance at S 1, and also interaction effect showed significant difference at S 1(H>D) and S 2(H>D). ② Displacement of Z axis COM position didn't show significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at FTD 1, FTO, HCM, FTD 2, and HTD and also interaction effect didn't show. ③ Velocity of Y axis COM position showed significant difference statistically according to the take off distance during show jumping at HCM, FTD 2 and FTD and also interaction effect didn't show. ④ Front-rear angle of trunk showed significant difference statistically according to the take off distance during show jumping at HCM, and also interaction effect showed significant difference at HCM(H>D).⑤ Left-right angle of trunk didn't show significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at FTD 1, FTO, HCM, FTD 2, and HTD and also interaction effect didn't show. ⑥ FRAE and LRAE didn't show significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at FTD 1, FTO, HCM, FTD 2, and HTD and also interaction effect didn't show. 3) Kinetic variables ① Potential energy didn't show significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at TO, S 1, S 2 and GL, and also interaction effect didn't show. ② Mechanical work showed significant difference statistically according to the fence heights during show jumping at S 1, and also interaction effect didn't show. ③ Power of COM showed significant difference statistically according to the fence heights during show jumping at S 1, and also interaction effect showed significant difference at S 1(H>D). ④ Average vertical force showed significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at GL, and also interaction effect didn't show. 4) Asymmetric index ① Asymmetric index between elbow joint angle showed significant difference statistically according to the fence heights during show jumping at GL, and also interaction effect didn't show. ② Asymmetric index between shoulder joint angle didn't show significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at TO, S 1, S 2, and GL, and also interaction effect didn't show. ③ Asymmetric index between hip joint angle didn't show significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at TO, S 1, S 2, and GL, and also interaction effect didn't show. ④ Asymmetric index between knee joint angle didn't show significant difference statistically according to the fence heights and take off distance during show jumping at TO, S 1, S 2, and GL, and also interaction effect didn't show.⑤ Asymmetric index between ankle joint angle showed significant difference statistically according to the take off distance during show jumping at TO, and also interaction effect didn't show.