조선후기 문인들의 제주명승 인식과 변화

Abstract

The late Joseon Dynasty was the period with a prevalent social trend of sightseeing the scenic spots. The purpose of sightseeing became various including enjoying the landscape, escaping from the secular world, developing writing skills and seeking for the tracks of the sages from the earlier generations. Sightseeing of the scenic spots became widespread due to the introduction of landscape essay and western painting technique from the Ming Dynasty, the traffic network developed by road maintenance, the increase in economic strength from the development of commercial capital, resulting in the quantitative growth in the records of scenic spots. Since Jeju was not easy to go sightseeing, people visited famous local sites and recorded the journey while performing official works or heading to the place of exile. In particular, the documents recorded the landscape in Jeju by local officials contributed to raising the status of Jeju, changing the awareness of the writers based in other regions on Jeju Island. The awareness of the famous mountain in Jeju, Hallasan Mountain changed from considering it as an object of faith to an object of research and self-discipline. In addition, the criteria for selecting top 10 sceneries(十景) changed to focus on the scenic view rather than including military strategic points to scenic spots. The research identified that the focus of the scenic spot records changed from the practical information including the history and geographic information of geographic features to the poems written while enjoying the landscape or feeling about the scenic views. In particular, the records of the scenic spots in the 18th century were the records for effective governance by the central government as well as the culture enjoyed by the writers during the period where sightseeing was popular. On the other hand, the records of the scenic spots after the 19th century were expressed in a number of poetry, writings and paintings, tending to expand to the scenic and romantic elements and entertaining elements. Mostly the local officials realistically expressed the scenic spots to record the tour for the official purpose in the 17th to 18th centuries. After the 19th century, individual feelings through sightseeing were recorded. In other words, it was figured out that the people started to change their awareness of scenic spots, by regarding them as an object of play.