聽灘金光秋(1905～1983) 서예의 미술사적 연구

Abstract

Calligraphy in Jeju that was developed after Chusa Kim, Jeong-hee has been spread by the regional calligraphers aside from the direct transmission of calligraphy. In particular, as it is said 'Soam(素菴) in the South of Mt. Halla and Cheongtan(聽灘) in the North of Mt. Halla', Kim Kwang-Chu(金光秋) and Hyeon, Jung-hwa(玄中和) has been evaluated to play a significant role in strengthening the foundation of calligraphy in Jeju and passing down the technique to the next generations. The two calligraphers studied under Tsujimoto Shiyu(辻本史邑) in Japan, and both led the calligraphic community in Jeju as they joined Yeongju Calligraphy Society(瀛洲硏墨會) and Somukhoe(素墨會)(Calligraphy Study Group). Although they are at such an important position in the calligraphic community in Jeju in the modern times, there are lacking or little researches on the two calligraphers. Therefore, this study aimed to shed new light on Kim, Kwang-Chu, who has been relatively rarely studied among the two who led the calligraphic community in Jeju and organize the legacy he left in the community to fill up a part of the calligraphy history in Jeju. Kim, Kwang-Chu was born in Hwabuk-dong, Jeju and attended Baejae high school in Seoul thanks to a wealthy family. He picked up the interest and had perspectives into fine arts through Go, Hui-Dong(高羲東), Kim, Bok-Jin(金復鎭) and Ahn, Seok-Ju(安碩柱). Influenced by them, he went to Japan and worked on various genres including calligraphy as well as western painting, engraving andphotography. Based on his three times of studying in Japan, he influenced on strengthening the foundation of modern arts in Jeju in various sectors including calligraphy, western painting and photography. Kim, Kwang-Chu, who was elected to be a provincial assembly member in 1960, gave calligraphic writings for the Spirit of the Marin Corps(海兵魂) on the Marin Corps Memorial tower located in Ildo 1-dong in Jeju as well as Hwabuk dock Statement to divine spirit(禾北浦始役時告由文) and Jeju Chinese Korean Primary School(濟州華僑小學校) , Memorial Momument for Patriotic Martyr Cho, Bong-Ho (殉國志士趙鳳鎬紀念碑) , Jeongcho(定礎) , Hwamaek(畵脈) , Samsunggyo(三 姓橋) and Namyang Munhwa Broadcasting Corportation(南洋文化放送株式會社) . He presented calligraphic writings across the society including the public offices, schools and broadcasting stations. This proves that Kim, Kwang-Chu was recognized in the Jeju society as a calligrapher, a politician and an educator. In addition, he paved the way for calligraphy in Jeju by exchanging with Hyeon, Jung-Hwa working in the South of Mt. Halla after returning from Japan and releasing Yeongju Calligraphy Society derived from Damdamhoe(淡淡會). He engaged in formation of Jeju Somukhoe by actively encouraging Hyeon, Jung-Hwa to teach calligraphy. Afterward, as Somukhoe spread to Seogwipo, Gwangju, Mokpo, Daegu and Masan, each region had its own Somukhoe. Kim, Kwang-Chu and Hyeon, Jung-hwa contributed to building and settling calligraphy in Jeju during the modern and contemporary times, which led to 'Soam in the South of the mountain and Cheongtan in the North of the mountain'. Kim, Kwang-Chu played a leading role in Jeju Island in terms of seal engraving(篆刻), as well. He let the legacy of seal engraving continue in the seal engraving community in Jeju, where the legacy of engraving was cut off after liberation. In addition, by exchanging with Ahn, Kwang-Seok, he introduced creative seal engraving works and arranged seal engravers in Jeju to take lessons from Ahn, Kwang-Seok, contributing to formation and development of seal engraving in Jeju.The role of Kim, Kwang-Chu in the calligraphic history in Jeju can be seen in his friendship with the artists in and out of Jeju Island. He exchanged with the active artists in various genres including calligraphy, photography and literature regardless of genres in Jeju Island. He had friendships with artists outside the island after the Jeju 4·3 Incident. He arranged to host an exhibition of the other cities' artists in Jeju Island during the process of exchanging with Heo, Bak-Ryeon(許 百鍊), Heo, Keun(許楗), Yu, Chi-Hwan(柳致環), Song, Seong-Yong(宋成鏞), Seo, Jeong-Ju(徐廷柱), Ahn, Kwang-seok(安光碩), Cheon, Kyeong-Ja(千鏡子), Seo, Se-Ok(徐世鈺) and Go, Eun(高銀) and encouraged the residents in Jeju Island to possess the exhibited works. The exhibition event in Jeju Island was vibrant thanks to Kim, Kwang-Chu's role to introduce the artists outside the island and their artistic works, which advanced calligraphy in Jeju. This paper aimed to identify the position of Kim, Kwang-Chu in the history of calligraphy in Jeju and focus on him for the first time as a person, who pioneered and strengthened the foundation of calligraphy in Jeju as a leader of the calligraphic community in Jeju. However, there is still insufficient research that reviewed his works in Japan, exchanges with the artists in and out of Jeju Island and his world of works. This is because the existing researches have analyzed only the currently remaining resources. Also, that is why it is necessary to further discover new materials and conduct in-depth studies.