2014년 제주도 고산지역 PM10,PM2.5 에어로졸의 기상현상별 화학조성 비교

Abstract

The PM10 and PM2.5 aerosol samples were collected at Gosan site of Jeju Island, which is one of the background site of Korea, during the year of 2014. Their ionic and elemental species were analyzed, in order to examine the chemical composition characteristics in accordance with the different meteorological phenomena. The mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 39.6 and 14.7 μg/m3, respectively, and the PM10-2.5 mass concentration was 24.4 μg/m3. From the comparison of ion balance, the correlation coefficients(r) between the sums of cationic equivalent concentrations and anionic equivalent concentrations were 0.995 and 0.977, respectively, for PM10 and PM2.5 aerosols, indicating a good correlations. In coarse particles (PM10-2.5), the concentrations of secondary pollutants such as nss-SO4 2-, NO3 -, and NH4 + were 1.00, 1.91 and 0.51 μg/m3, respectively. In fine particles (PM2.5), their concentrations were 4.33, 0.73, and 1.68 μg/m3, respectively, showing 89.4% of those ionic species. Meanwhile, the elemental compositions of coarse particles showed 47.8% for marine (Na, Mg), 27.6% for soil (Al, Fe, Ca), and 19.4% for anthropogenic (S, Pb, Zn), and they were 24.2%, 19.3%, 48.3%, respectively, for the fine particles. Based on the study of size-fractionated particle compositions, the PM10-2.5/PM2.5 concentration ratios of nss-SO4 2 and NH4 + were 0.2, 0.3, respectively, indicating that those species were mostly existed in fine particles. On the other hand, marine and soil species such as Na+, Cl-, and nss-Ca2+ were rich in coarse particle mode. From the study of source origins by factor analysis, the ionic species of PM10-2.5 coarse particles were mostly originated from marine sources, followed by soil and anthropogenic sources. On the other hand, the compositions of PM2.5 fine particles were influenced mainly by anthropogenic sources, followedby marine and soil sources. During Asian dust periods, the concentrations of nss-Ca2+ and NO3 - were increased highly as 7.7 and 4.5 times in coarse particle mode, and 3.0 and 4.9 times in fine particles, respectively, compared to non-event days. Especially, the concentrations of the crustal species such as Al, Fe, Ca, K, Mn, Ba, and Sr showed a noticeable increase during the Asian dust periods. For the haze events days, the concentrations of secondary pollutants were increased 2.2～2.7 and 2.9～6.0 times in coarse and fine particles, respectively. The concentrations of the secondary pollutants the mist event days were 0.8～1.1 and 1.8～2.4 times, respectively, in coarse and fine particles than non-event days.