제주도 방문객의 안전 인식에 관한 연구

Abstract

Regardless of scale or geographic location, all communities consider tourism an important industry. Even though safety and security of a destination is the basic requirement for tourism, it has been sometimes ignored and not been often dealt in the tourism academic world. Concerning this, the purpose of the study is three-fold: 1) To identify the conceptual framework regarding safety and security for travellers by reviewing the previous research. 2) To determine if there are differences or similarities in safety perceptions between domestic and Chinese visitors to Jeju. 3) To make recommendations that can be used for future related studies. One of the best known theories on travel motivation is Maslow's hierarchy of human needs, which ranges from basic physiological needs to the needs for safety and security, love, esteem, self-actualization, knowledge and understanding, and finally, aesthetics. Safety and security with physiological needs has been considered the basic and requiring needs that proceed to the next needs. Based on the related research models, the following research questions have formulated: 1) To identify if there are differences on safety perceptions between domestic and Chinese tourists. 2) To identify if there are differences on safety perceptions according to the characteristics of behaviors between domestic and Chinese tourists. For empirical study, the researcher collected the data by the convenience sampling method from May 10 to 30, 2015 in the selected tourist sites and accommodations in Jeju. The total 450 surveys, 240 for domestics and 210 for Chinese visitors, were distributed and, finally, 413 valid data, 232 for domestics and 181 for Chinese, were analyzed. There were the differences on safety perceptions between the two groups. Both domestic and Chinese tourists highly concerned crimes, however, except for them, domestic tourists considered accidents between persons, hygiene and cleanliness, traffic and facility accidents in order, while Chinese tourists concerned traffic and facility accidents, accidents between persons, hygiene and cleanliness in order. Domestic tourists generally considered safety in tourism more than Chinese tourists. There were also the differences on safety perceptions according to the characteristics of behaviors between domestic and Chinese tourists. First, both domestic and Chinese tourists highly considered safety according to the experiences of domestic trip. In case of domestic visitors, crimes and accidents between persons were highly considered as trip experiences were increased. Second, domestic tourists considered crimes and accidents between persons differently according to numbers of visiting while Chinese tourists indicated no differences based on numbers of visiting. Third, there were different perceptions on safety for crimes and accidents between persons while no differences for traffic and facility accidents, and hygiene and cleanliness in case of domestic tourists. Chinese tourists indicated relatively high perceptions on safety for every factors including crimes, accidents between persons, hygiene and cleanliness, traffic and facility accidents, in case of respondents with no international trip experiences. Finally, the academic and practical implications were discussed and limitation of the study presented.