제주도 부속 유인도의 귀화식물이 환경에 미치는 영향

Abstract

There were found to be 23 families, 75 genera, 116 species and 2 varieties of Naturalized Plant which in total comes to 118 taxa near Jeju-do, including Gapado, Marado, Biyangdo Udo, Chujado. Gapado has 68 taxa with 19 families, 51 genera, 66 species and 2 variety, Marado shows 51 taxa with 17 families, 42 genera, 51 species, Biyangdo presents 68 taxa with 19 families, 49 genera, 68 species, Udo exhibits 77 taxa with 20 families, 55 genera, 76 species and 1 variety, and Chujado with 80 taxa with 20 families, 54 genera, 80 species were identified. There were 32 naturalized specifies identified living in islets including, Gapado, Marado, Biyangdo, Udo, and Chujado. Those 32 naturalized identified specifies are as follows: Rumex acetosella, Rumex crispus, Phytolacca americana, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium ficifolium, Brassica napus, Lepidium virginicum, Medicago polymorpha, Melilotus suaveolens, Trifolium repens, Euphorbia supina, Abutilon theophrasti, Oenothera laciniata, Physalisangulata, Veronica persica, Aster subulatus, Conyza bonariensis, Conyza canadensis, Conyza sumatrensis, Crassocephalum crepidioides, Erigeron annuus, Hypochaeris radicata, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus asper, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officinale, Xanthium strumarium, Zephyranthes candida, Avena fatua, Bromus unioloides, Festuca myuros, Paspalum dilatatum. Among nationalized plant being inhabited five islets, there are nonnative plants against the law of wildlife preservation and conservation; both Rumex acetosella, Hypochaeris radicata, have spread out over the five islets, Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior. Desc was also found everywhere except Chujado. Paspalum distichum, was only found in Udo and Aster pilosus was only in Chujado. Those nationalized plants have a tenacious sense of life and grow rapidly, thus consistent monitoring is required. When examining the distribution of nationalized plant, 47 species were found in the 1st group (39.8%), 20 species were in 2nd group (16.9%), 19 were in 3rd (16.1%), 16 were in 4th (13.6%) and 16 were in 5th group (13.6%). Rumex acetosella, Rumex crispus, Phytolacca americana, Chenopodium ficifolium, Trifolium repens, and Erigeron annuus in the 5th group were found extensively and predicted to be a hazardous entity. Urbarnization Index indicates that Chujado is 24.9%, followed by Udo(24.0%), Biyangdo and Gapado(21.2% respectively) and Marado(15.9%). The Urbarnization Index against Jeju-do shows that Chujado is 31.5%, followed by Udo(30.3%), Biyangdo and Gapado(26.8% respectively) and Marado(20.1%). This figure depicts that the Urbarnization Index against Jeju-do has 5% higher than that of the nationwide. The Urbarnization Index of nationalized plants(nationwide 321species) in Jeju-do presents 79.1% which seems to be high. The result indicates that a variety of nationalized plants, which could be brought through public transport such as air and freight, inhabit the islets. wide ranch can be additional condition for them to grow. It seems thatJeju-do has better quality of environment conditioning nonnative and nationalized plants to be pervasive, thus Jeju-do acts as a medium role of becoming nationalized. Biyangdo and Udo show pretty high Similarity index (74.48%). The reason of the high Similarity index can be explained in several ways; high similarity index shows that nationalized species share similar way of growth even though the two islets were distant; one is located in the west and the other is in the east. Biyangdo and Udo are 3 kilometers away from Jeju-do. Each of the two islets has a crater. In the same line of explanation, Biyangdo and Gapado share high Similarity index of 73.53%, followed by Biyangdo and Chujado(72.62%), Udo and Chujado(71.33%), Gapado and Udo(70.34%), Gapado and Chujado(70.27%), which in sum seem to share high similarity index. Low Similarity index was found in a group between Marado and Chujado(64.12%), between Marado and Udo(65.63%), between Marado and Biyangdo(68.91%). The Similarity index between Udo and Eastern area of Jeollanamdo was high of 57.4%, followed by a group between Biyangdo and Eastern area of Jeollanam-do(55.9%), Biyangdo and Gageodo(55.7%). The next six areas shows a relatively high Similarity index above 50% as follows; Gapado and Eastern Area of Jeollanam-do(53.4%), Chujado and Eastern Area of Jeollanam-do(52.5%), Marado and Gageodo(50.0%). In the meantime, the lowest area of Similarity index less than 30% was found in a group between Marado and Dekjeokdo(28.2%), followed by Gapado and Dekjeokdo(29.3%), Chujado and Dekjeokdo(29.7%). This result demonstrates that the Similarity index among islets Jeju-do was found to be high, while the Similarity index against other areas was found to be lower than 50%. Since the early endeavour of searching five nationalized plants at Biyangdo, dating back in 1914, in 2014, the number has increased to 68 species. vascularplant has grown from 72 in 1914 to 340 in 2014. In 1957 professorLee Young No and Lee Myung Bo published a study of plant structure in Biyangdo, which is recorded the first research pertaining to nationalized plant in Jejudo and Korea as well.