제주지역 농지임대차 시장의 경제적 특성 분석

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the unique economical characteristics about the farmland lease market in Jeju Island. As is generally known, there is the 'Goendang(relatives) culture' in Jeju Island, where blood relationships and communities are considered more important due to its geographical and social characteristics. Also, in Jeju Island, there are a number of absentee landlords, and fruit growing and upland farming are dominant, compared to other areas. It could be said that those characteristics could affect the farmland lease market in Jeju Island. Thus, this study tried to analyze the economical characteristics of the Jeju farmland lease market, reflecting those characteristics. The results could be useful for understanding the characteristics of the Jeju farmland lease market and for improving related market systems In order to achieve those objectives mentioned above, 165 farm households, including fruit growers and upland farmers in Jeju area, were interviewed, followed by the analysis of actual status for the farmland rents and expected lease areas in the Jeju farmland lease market. Through the data obtained from the above, determinant factors affecting farmland rents were examined in the chapter 3. Also, in the chapter 4, the characteristics of farm household determining the expected area for farmland lease were investigated, and a demand function for farmland lease was estimated. In the chapter 3, the analysis for identifying the determining factors, affecting the farmland rents in Jeju farmland lease market, was conducted. As a result, several characteristics in the Jeju farmland lease market were found; that is, the degree of farmland rents was affected by social relations among traders, a practical use of farmland, and a contract period.In the Jeju farmland lease market, the number of lease transactions among family members were dominant, and the degree of farmland rents among them was lower than others. Also, the degree of rents for farmlands, owned by absentee, was relatively lower. Especially, these characteristics were clearly seen for an orchard lease. Because orchards are usually coupled with fixed capital goods, landlords are tend to lease their orchards to their family members, who are able to manage them better, in lower rent fees. For the degree of farmland rents, the rent for orchards was determined by its fruit varieties and the level of its average income, but the rent for upland fields was determined by its productivity. In other words, the expected profits for leased farmland in both of orchards and upland fields were the determinant factor affecting the degree of rent. When it comes to the degree of farmland rent based on its contract period, the degree of farmland rent was positively proportional to the period of its contract period. The increase in farmland rent was common in orchards and upland fields for long-term contracts; that is, long-term guarantees could affect the increase in farmland rent. In the chapter 4, the relationship between demands for lease and characteristics of farm household was investigated. Especially, differences in the demand for lease among orchards and upland fields were mainly focused. The study compared and analyzed the characteristics of farm household between fruit growers and upland farmers and then conducted the intention investigation for future demands of farmland lease and finally tried to estimate a demand function for farmland lease. As a result, there were differences in the characteristics of farm households between fruit growers and upland farmers. In other words, for expected areas for orchards, agricultural machines did not affect any demand for lease, but family labors did. Otherwise, for expected areas for upland fields, agricultural machines did affect the demand for farmland lease. These results shown in this studycorresponds to similar advanced researches; that is, for the determinants on the intention of increasing lease area, fruit growers were affected by the number of family farmers, and upland farmers were affected by the horsepower of agricultural machines available. The results found in this study could be meaningful for understanding the structures of farmland lease market in Jeju Island and forecasting any market change. Especially, it is notable that the preferences on a transaction among family members and for highly productive farmland could have an effect on the future farmland lease market. Also, there were differences in the demand function for farmland lease between orchards and upland fields. So, future changes in the farmland lease market in Jeju Island, related to the supply increase for a farmland lease due to an aging phenomenon, a rural urban migration, and an increase in side work farmers as well as the demand increase for a farmland lease due to an increase of urban to rural returners and a farm size enlargement of full time farmers, should be noteworthy. Therefore, clear understanding of economical characteristics in the Jeju farmland lease market, based on the results found in this study, should be a top priority for effective use of farmlands in Jeju Island.