제주도내 개에서 진드기매개 질병과 Babesia gibsoni cytochrome b 유전자의 SNP

Abstract

There are several diseases such as anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, borreliosis, babesiosis, and hepatozoonosisin canine tick-borne diseases. A survey on previous researches has shown that canine infection cases of some diseases have been reported and the number of Babesiaspp. infection cases in Jeju has been increasing in the past few years. However, treatment using drugs that are currently used such as diminazene aceturate and atovaquone often leads to relapses of infection. For these reasons, this study did research on the prevalence of canine tick-borne diseases in Jeju. Also, a survey on SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) of cytochrome bgene in clinical cases ofdogs infected with B. Gibsoniwas performed. Total 363dogs, 125 shelter dogs and 238owned dogs,were randomly selected during 2008 to 2015 in Jeju. A screening test using Anigen Rapid CaniV-4 Test Kit(Anigen Rapid CaniV-4 Test Kit (Bionote, Inc., Republic of Korea)) wasconducted in 125shelterdogs to detect antibodies of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. platys, Ehrlichia canis, and Borreliaburgdorferi.Additionally, PCR and PCR-RFLP were given to detect pathogens in all dogs. CBC tests were conducted in 16dogs infected with Babesiaspp. that werepatients at Jeju National UniversityAnimal Hospital (JNUAH). Also, to survey on SNP of B. gibsonicytochrome bgene in 11 dogs that were patients at JNUAH, dogs were divided intotwo groups that have history of relapse and non-relapse of babesiosis. The result of kit tests shows thatall samples were negative for antibodies ofA. phagocytophilum, A. platys, E.canis, and B.burgdorferifrom 125 dogs. As a resultof PCR and PCR-RFLP, 69(19.01%), 44(12.12%), and 21(5.79%) out of 363 dogs were infected withBabesiaspp., Hepatozoon spp., and both, respectively.Anaplasmaspp. and Ehrlichiaspp. werenot detected in all samples using PCR.According tothe CBC tests, the average of RBC, Hb, HCT,MCHC and plateletwere lower and the average of RDW was higher than normal referencerange. Althoughthe comparative analysis of CBC results from 16dogs revealedthat the average of RDW wasslightly elaborated, there were no differences in the results between 2 groups. Total12 SNP were found in 24 samples of B. gibsonicytochrome bfrom 11 dogs. However, there were no significant differences between 2 groupsand between before/after treatment using diminazene aceturate. These results indicate that dogsin Jejumight be in the risk of getting infected with Babesiaspp. and Hepatozoonspp..The CBC results revealed that dogs infected with B. gibsonimay have symptomssuch as thrombocytopenia and severe anemia.The comparative analysis of CBC results shows thatthere were no significant differences between two groups. Thisresultindicates that PCR test should be performed to diagnose whether the infectionwithB. gibsoniis relapsedor not,because glucocorticoid can cause clinical symptoms in chronic infection case if the infection with Babesiaspp. still exists. Additionally, the result fromthesurvey on SNPshows that there are no relationship between drug resistance and B. gibsonicytochromebgene.