濟州地域 專貰버스業 運營改善 方案에 關한 硏究

Abstract

In recent years, the number of visitors to Jeju has experienced a substantial boom so that the local tourism industry has prospered. According to the TALC(Tourist Area Life-Cycle) Model, the Jeju tourism industry has been experiencing a growth phase since 2008 known as the second development period. However many of companies which have contributed to the tourism boom in Jeju are not satisfied with business operations. Tourism Transportation is one of the essential components of tourism products. A charter bus is a means of major tourism transportation like a rent-a-car in Jeju area. Therefore the local charter bus strongly displays tourism product properties. The attribute of ubiquitous demand could deepen the fluctuation of the rate of operation of the charter buses. This makes it difficult to get stable cash flow which could result in financial problems for the charter bus business. Transport service which charter buses produce is perishable and is inseparable from production and consumption. Therefore it is useless to talk about inventory investment for this product. Therefore we need to maintain the rate of operation of buses as long as the price of the product is at least above average fixed transportation costs. Due to these kinds of attributes in charted bus service its price is vulnerable to dumping. Since 1994 the regulations to establish new charter bus companies were relaxed compared with 1993, so the number of charter bus business has rapidly increased annually. At the same time this has increased the level of excessive competition. Overheated rivalry had ended up eroding the financial health of the charter bus companies. Intensifying competition among charter bus companies in order to attract tourists at the risk of low profits has led some to speculate that this could lead to a collapse of the whole industry. By using charter bus ridership and supply and demand index, we tried to estimate the amount of adequate supply for the Jeju charter bus industry; the result of that indicates that between 1,500 and 1,000 buses would be most appropriate. The average price level of using a charter bus in Jeju is 40% of the average domestic price level in Korea. Therefore it is hard for charter bus companies to pay to their crews. In order to improve the management for the charter bus industry in Jeju, we could suggest following: 1. Expand regular service income to overcome the ubiquitous demand of charter bus service in Jeju, 2. Set up related diversification strategies that can reduce transaction costs by using the tourism ecosystem, 3. Materialize economies of scale and scope, and solve the information asymmetry problem through promoting a charter bus cooperative. There are two structural problems of the market, individual charter bus business being held in trust192), and oversupply in charter bus market. Because those are hard issues to solve through self-adjusting market mechanisms, government intervention in the market is necessary. The government enforced the adjustment of supply and demand in the charter bus market, thereby limiting the amount of supply in the market during a specific period of time. In order to achieve the policy's objective of market stabilization, the government needs to solve problems concerning individual charter bus businesses being held in trust being at the same time. Moreover it is the time for the government to accomplish its role and to review charter bus transportation goods as public goods. Finally the government ought to set higher standards for crews of the charter bus industry to improve workforce quality.