제 2형 당뇨병 환자의 저혈당 경험, 자가관리 및 삶의 질 간의 관계

Abstract

This study aimed primarily to investigate the level of hypoglycemia, self-care activities, and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and secondly to identify the factors affecting quality of life. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2015 through February 2016. A total of 220 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited from the outpatient clinic of J University Hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to guide interviews. The data were collected including general characteristics, self-reported hypoglycemia, self-care activities, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression.

The results of this study were as follows: 1) Of all the participants, 36.8% had experienced hypoglycemia more than once a month during the prior 3 months. 2) The mean self-care activities and quality of life scores of the participants were 63.06±20.58 and 94.17±18.03 respectively. Self-care activities was significantly different by age (F=5.62, p=.004), employment status (t=2.70, p=.008), alcohol intake (t=-2.45, p=.015), body mass index (t=2.41, p=.017). duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (F=7.29, p<.001), self-monitoring blood glucose (t=-4.55, p<.001), recording of self-monitoring blood glucose (t=-3.33, p=.001), and diabetes mellitus medication (t=6.84, p<.001). Quality of life was significantly different by gender (t=2.18, p= .030), presence of spouse (t=-2.32, p=.021), monthly family income (F=4.06, p=.018), smoking (t=2.16, p=.031), comorbidities (t=2.63, p =.009), hypoglycemia (t=2.75, p=.006). 3) Self-care activities correlated positively with quality of life (r= .190, p=.006). 4) Significant predictors of quality of life were self-care activities(β =.18, t=2.80, p=.006), hypoglycemia (β=.18, t=2.77, p=.006), higher monthly family income (β=.15, t=2.33, p=.020), and comorbidity (β=.14, t=2.17, p=.031), which explained 12% of the total variance of quality of life.

The results showed that hypoglycemia and self-care activities affected type 2 diabetes mellitus patients' quality of life. It requires the development of standardized tools for monitoring hypoglycemia and for the careful observation of the patients with high risk of hypoglycemia. A continuous education of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients should be performed to improve performance of self-care activities.