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진동분석을 통한 풍력발전시스템의 효율적 결함진단 방법론 연구

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Alternative Title
A Study on fault diagnosis wind turbine through the vibration analysis
Abstract
본 연구의 목적은 현재 운영 중인 가시리 풍력발전단지 풍력발전시스템의 실제 진동데이터를 활용하여 풍력발전시스템의 정상 신호의 진동 경향을 살펴보았고, 진동 분석을 활용한 고장결함진단이 가능한지를 살펴보기 위하여 한경과 성산 풍력발전단지 풍력발전시스템의 고장사례를 시간 영역과 주파수 영역 분석 기법으로 분석하여 상태감시시스템을 활용한 풍력발전시스템의 유지보수가 얼마나 효율적인지를 검증하였다.
As large wind turbines have been developed, advanced maintenance technology has become more and more important to achieve higher availability of the turbines. In order to detect potential wind turbine failures earlier, Condition Monitoring System(CMS) has been applied to wind turbines. CMS is particularly useful to monitor the complex system which consists of various mechanical elements such as bearing, shaft and gear. The objective of this study is to identify the methodology of how vibration analysis technique is applied for defect diagnosis of wind turbine components. For this study, CMS equipments were installed in wind turbines of the three wind farms, Gasiri, Seongsan, Hankyeong on Jeju Island, South Korea. The seven acceleration sensors and the one RPM sensor were attached on main components such as main bearing of main shaft, gearbox and generator to catch vibration signals. The time domain analysis and the frequency domain analysis were performed to find turbine faults. The vibration data were processed with band pass filter to clearly detect the wind turbine faults. Also, Fast Fourier Transform, FFT, was applied to the processed vibration data. It was found that there was no component failure in a wind turbine of Gasiri wind farm for the studied period. Defect signals of the gearbox and the generator were detected in wind turbines of Seongsan and Hankyeong wind farms, respectively. In a turbine of Gasiri wind farm, when the wind turbine was operating without any faults, the acceleration values of vibration signals was lower than 7m/s2 that means normal operation of a wind turbine, which is given in the German standard VDI 3834. This was not the case for extreme acceleration signals. In a turbine of Seongsan wind farm, the cavitation occurred in gear oil pump had an effect on the acceleration values of vibration signals on the gearbox. This vibration signals were observed from 6000Hz to 12000Hz. Then the suction hose of the gear oil pump was changed to new one before serious failure, which was possible owing to CMS. In a turbine of Hankyeong wind farm, generator bearings defect was found by vibration signal analysis. The power output of the wind turbine increased to 1.89 % for the wind speed range between 12 m/s and 21 m/s after the bearing was repaired. Therefore, vibration analysis technique using CMS was identified as one of useful defect diagnosis techniques for wind turbines.
Author(s)
손진혁
Issued Date
2017
Awarded Date
2017. 2
Type
Dissertation
URI
http://dcoll.jejunu.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000007904
Alternative Author(s)
Jinhyuk Son
Department
대학원 풍력공학과 풍력기계시스템전공
Advisor
고경남
Table Of Contents
Nomenclature Ⅵ
Abstrac Ⅶ
Ⅰ. 서 론 1
1. 연구 배경 1
2. 연구 동향 2
3. 연구 목적 3
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 및 진동분석방법 4
1. 풍력발전시스템의 드라이브 트레인(Drive train) 4
1) 메인베어링(Main bearing) 4
2) 기어박스(Gearbox) 4
1) 제네레이터(Generator) 4
2. 기어 이론 5
1) 평 기어(Spur gear) 5
2) 기어 맞물림 주파수(Gear mesh frequency) 6
3. 베어링 이론 7
1) 볼 베어링(Ball element bearing) 7
2) 결함 주파수(Defect frequency) 7
4. 진동분석 절차 12
1) 시간영역 분석(Time domain analysis) 12
2) VDI 3834 13
3) 주파수영역 분석(Frequency domain analysis) 14
Ⅲ. 정상신호 진동분석 15
1. 테스트 사이트 Ⅰ(가시리 풍력발전단지) 15
2. 테스트 풍력발전시스템 사양 16
3. 상태감시시스템 사양 17
4. 시간 영역의 분석 18
1) 기초 진동 신호 18
2) 트렌드 분석 19
5. 주파수 영역의 분석 21
Ⅳ. 기어박스 고장결함진단 진동분석 23
1. 테스트 사이트 Ⅱ(성산 풍력발전단지) 23
2. 테스트 풍력발전시스템 사양 24
3. 상태감시시스템 사양 25
4. 시간 영역의 분석 26
1) 트렌드 분석 26
2) 확률밀도함수 분석 27
3) 통계적 파라미터 분석 29
5. 주파수 영역의 분석 30
6. 고장 결함 진단 33
Ⅴ. 제네레이터 고장결함진단 진동분석 34
1. 테스트 사이트 Ⅲ(한경 풍력발전단지) 34
2. 테스트 풍력발전시스템 사양 35
3. 시간 영역의 분석 36
1) 트렌드 분석 36
2) 확률밀도함수 분석 37
3) 통계적 파라미터 분석 39
4. 주파수 영역의 분석 40
5. 고장 결함 진단 45
Ⅵ. 결론 46
참고문헌 48
감사의 글 50
Degree
Master
Publisher
제주대학교 일반대학원
Citation
손진혁. (2017). 진동분석을 통한 풍력발전시스템의 효율적 결함진단 방법론 연구
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Faculty of Wind Energy Engineering > Wind Power Mechanical System Engineering
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