제주대학교 Repository

조선 초기 자연재해와 대응 양상 연구

Metadata Downloads
Alternative Title
A Study on Natural Disasters and the Respective Pattern of Responses in the Early Joseon Period
Abstract
In pre-modern society, natural disasters had such a direct impact on humanity that they led to the occurrence of various diseases, the emergence of thieves, the migration of people, and the crisis of productivity and economic power. The weather and climate changes, particularly around the transition period during the end of the Goryeo dynasty ("Goryeo") and the beginning of the Joseon dynasty ("Joseon"), led to the reinterpretation of the political chaos, which granted legitimacy to the ruling class that founded Joseon. The purpose of this study is to identify the patterns of the king and officials' response to such disasters. The study focuses on the process of how they judged natural disasters in the early Joseon period, and also examines the policy implementation in response to disasters and what was selected to maintain the nation's stability at that time. Thereafter, this study intends to concentrate on identifying the characteristics and features of the theory of natural calamity (or the idea that human wrongdoing causes natural disasters or anomalies) in the early Joseon period and its historical impacts. This study limited the categories of natural disasters to drought, flood, and typhoon, and identified the patterns of each king's response and the political utilization of the theory of natural calamity applied to them.
Goryeo and Joseon had similar interpretations of the idea of a natural calamity, but had differences in accepting the idea of heaven's reprimand. In Goryeo, a natural calamity was viewed as heaven's reprimand. It was therefore considered necessary to implement the king's self-reprimand, cultivation of virtue, and politics based on the rule of the right in order to follow the heavenly way. In the early Joseon period, the idea of a natural calamity seemed to have been actively used for securing the legitimacy of coup d'etat and in handing over the throne. In the event of disaster, the king and officials had to take the attitude of self-reproach and self-reflection. Seounguan (or astronomical observatory center) was valued, because it played an important role in the reorganization of astronomy and the development of an astronomical system that could support the political legitimacy of the founding of Joseon.
In the early Joseon period, the idea of natural calamity regarding various natural disasters appeared to be implemented in real politics, centering on the importance of national civil development and infrastructure. This included the construction of levees and embankments and the dredging of rivers, and the implementation of preventive measures, such as the application of science and technology in such devices as rain gauges, water gauges, and wind flags. Special emergency measures were prepared by implementing various systems. Moreover, relief policies were established to relieve people and facilitate the preparation for bountiful crops.
Although concrete measures were implemented, the fear of drought was such that the king had a prayer for rain to come and a separate prayer for it to stop in advance. However, as Confucian ideology was established, the prayer for rain was ceased when the monks' prayer for rain was deemed as ineffective, and shamans were not forced to respond or subjected to violence.
What can be observed from this is the fact that the theory of natural calamity changed or affected various policies on natural disasters in the pre-modern era.
The reinterpretation of natural calamity, which was delegated as national administrative adversities, such as the occurrence of diseases, the emergence of thieves, as well as the occurrence of civil rebellions and the morality and ethics of the ruler reprimanded by heaven were expressed by self-reproach and self-reflection.
In the early Joseon period, the king and officials used the theory of natural calamity according to their interests in the political phase of using it, and it is meaningful that the understanding of nature advanced more than the Goryeo period was developed into more scientific measures.
Author(s)
문지원
Issued Date
2018
Awarded Date
2018. 2
Type
Dissertation
URI
http://dcoll.jejunu.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000008397
Alternative Author(s)
Moon, Ji Won
Affiliation
제주대학교 일반대학원
Department
대학원 사학과
Advisor
전영준
Table Of Contents
Abstract
Ⅰ. 서론 1
1. 연구목적 1
2. 연구사 검토 및 연구방법 6
Ⅱ. 여말선초 자연재해 발생과 災異觀 11
1. 재해 발생과 災異觀 12
2. 儒敎思想확립과 消災儀禮의 억제 16
3. 書雲觀의 설치 목적과 운영 26
Ⅲ. 재해의 발생과 대응 방식 33
1. 과학기술을 적용한 기상 관측 시설의 활용 35
2. 국가 토목공사를 활용한 홍수 예방 시설 41
3. 대민지원책의 확대와 기우·기청제 거행 46
Ⅳ. 결론 55
참고문헌 59
Degree
Master
Publisher
제주대학교 일반대학원
Citation
문지원. (2018). 조선 초기 자연재해와 대응 양상 연구
Appears in Collections:
General Graduate School > History
공개 및 라이선스
  • 공개 구분공개
파일 목록

Items in Repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.