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Changes in phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of blueberry during Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation

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Alternative Title
Lactobacillus plantarum 발효에 따른 블루베리의 페놀 화합물, 항산화 및 항증식 활성
Abstract
Blueberries are a rich source of dietary bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds, flavonol, flavanol, tannin, vitamin C and especially anthocyanin. Fermentation has been the most widely used in the food industry and a variety of food cultures. Among them, lactic acid fermentation is known to impart unique flavor and taste, excellent preservation and physiological functions to food. In this study, changes in phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of blueberry during Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation were investigated. The bacterial cell viability and total titratable acidity were increased during fermentation while pH value and total soluble solid were decreased. Fermented blueberry showed increases in total polyphenol and flavonoid content, DPPH-, ABTS-, Alkyl- radical scavenging activities and SODlike activity. The antiproliferative activities of fermented blueberry were demonstrated in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells using MTT assay, Hoechst 33342 staining, annexin V/PI staining and cell cycle analysis. There was an increase of the apoptotic body formation in the cells treated with fermented blueberry while no apoptotic body formation was detected in the cells treated with non-fermented blueberry. Annexin V/PI double staining and cell cycle analysis showed that fermented blueberry induces apoptosis in HeLa cells. In addition, GC-MS and HPLC analysis showed that lactic acid, catechol, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid were increased during fermentation. In conclusion, our results suggest that antioxidant and anticancer effects are increased in HeLa cells with fermentation of blueberries, which indicates that blueberries are a food material that can be applied to the functional food industry.
블루베리는 페놀 화합물, 플라보놀, 플라바놀, 탄닌, 비타민 C 등과 같은 활성 물질을 함유하고 있으며, 특히 안토시아닌이 풍부하다고 알려져 있다. 발효는 식품 산업과 문화에서 널리 사용되어 왔으며, 그 중 유산균 발효는 특유의 향과 맛을 가지며, 생리 활성을 부여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 Lactobacillus plantarum을 이용하여 블루베리를 발효하고, 발효 기간 동안의 페놀 화합물, 항산화 및 항증식 활성의 변화에 대해 연구하였다. 유산균의 생균수와 총산도는 발효가 진행됨에 따라 증가하였으며, pH와 총당도는 감소하였다. 발효한 블루베리의 경우 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량, DPPH-, ABTS-, Alkyl - 라디칼 소거능, SOD 유사 활성이 증가되었다. 인간 자궁경부암 HeLa 세포에 발효한 블루베리 추출물을 처리했을 때 apoptotic bodies 형성이 증가한 반면, 발효하지 않은 블루베리 추출물을 처리했을 때는 apoptotic bodies가 관찰되지 않았다. Annexin V/PI staining과 cell cycle analysis를 통해 발효한 블루베리가 HeLa 세포에서 세포사멸을 유도함을 확인하였다. 또한, GC-MS 와 HPLC 분석을 통해 발효에 의해 lactic acid, catechol, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid와 rutin이 증가하는 것으로 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 블루베리의 유산균 발효에 의해 항산화효능과 항암 효능이 증가하는 것을 확인하였으며, 이러한 결과를 통해 유산균 발효 블루베리가 기능성 식품 산업에 적용 가능할 것으로 보여진다.
Author(s)
류지연
Issued Date
2018
Awarded Date
2018. 2
Type
Dissertation
URI
http://dcoll.jejunu.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000008488
Alternative Author(s)
Ryu, Ji Yeon
Affiliation
제주대학교 일반대학원
Department
대학원 바이오소재공학과
Advisor
김소미
Table Of Contents
CONTENTS ⅰ
LIST OF FIGURES ⅳ
LIST OF TABLES ⅴ
ABSTRACT ⅵ
요약문 ⅷ
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 4
2-1. Reagents
2-2. Plant materials
2-3. Fermentation processes and Extraction
2-3-1. Bacterial strains and culture conditions
2-3-2. Blueberry-based media and growth of Lactobacillus plantraum CK10
2-3-3. Extraction
2-4. Viability and chemical characterization of blueberry fermented by L. plantarum CK10
2-5. Determination of the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents
2-6. Antioxidant activity
2-6-1. Radical scavenging activity by DPPH assay
2-6-2. Radical scavenging activity by ABTS assay
2-6-3. Radical scavenging activity by Alkyl assay
2-6-4. Superoxide dismutases (SOD)-like activity
2-7. Antiproliferative acitvity
2-7-1. Cell culture
2-7-2. Determination of the effect on in vitro cell viability
2-7-2-1. MTT assay
2-7-2-2. Colony formation assay
2-7-3. Cell morphology analysis
2-7-4. Flow cytometry
2-7-5. Western blot analysis
2-8. Determination of volatile compounds by GC-MS
2-9. Determination of lactic acid, phenolic compounds by HPLC
2-10. Determination of anthocyanin by HPLC
2-11. Statistical analysis
3. RESULTS 15
3-1. Growth of L.plantarum CK10 on blueberry-based media
3-2. Determination of total polyphenol and flavonoid contents
3-3. Antioxidant activities of FBE
3-4. Antiproliferative activities of FBE
3-4-1. Effects of FBE on cytotoxicity and colony formation ability in HeLa cells
3-4-2. FBE induced apoptosis in HeLa cells
3-4-3. Effect of FBE on the expression of apoptosis related protein
3-5. Changes in volatile compounds during fermentation time
3-6. Changes in phenolic compounds during fermentation time
4. DISCUSSION 37
REFERENCES 39
Degree
Master
Publisher
제주대학교 일반대학원
Citation
류지연. (2018). Changes in phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of blueberry during Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation
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General Graduate School > Biomaterials Science and Technology
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