제주도 고산지역 대기 에어로졸의 기상 현상별 화학 조성 및 오염 특성 :2017년 측정

Abstract

The collection of atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 aerosols was made at Gosan site of Jeju Island, which is one of the background sites of korea, in 2017. Their ionic and elemental species were analyzed, in order to examine the chemical composition and emission characteristics in accordance with the various meteorological phenomena. The mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 21.0±9.2 and 11.9±6.6 μg/m3 respectively during non-event days. Concentrations of the secondary pollutants such as nss-SO4 2-, NO3 -, and NH4 + were 3.38, 2.36, 1.61 μg/m3 for PM10, and 3.27, 0.94, 1.42 μg/m3 for PM2.5, respectively. The compositions ratios of anthropogenic (S, Zn, Pb, Ni), Soli (Al, Fe, Ca) and marine (Na, Mg) sources occupied 59.3%, 15.2%, 19.8% and 63%, 15.4%, 10.8% in PM2.5, respectively. Based on the study of particle size distribution, the concentration ratios of PM2.5/PM10 for nss-SO4 2- and NH4 + were 1.0, 0.9, respectively, indicating that those species were existed mainly in PM2.5 aerosols. On the other hand, NO3 -, Na+, Cl- and nss-Ca2+ were rich in PM10 aerosols. From the study of source origins by the principal component analysis, the PM10 aerosols were originated from marine sources, followed by anthropogenic and soil sources. The compositions of PM2.5 aerosols were influenced mainly by marine sources, next by anthropogenic and soil sources. During the Asian dust periods, the concentrations of nss-Ca2+ and NO3 - increased highly as 13.7 and 1.7 times in PM10, compared to non-event days. Especially, the concentrations of the crustal species such as Al, Fe, Ca, K, Mn, Ba, and Sr showed a noticeable increase during the Asian dust periods. For the haze days, the concentrations of the secondary air pollutants were increased 2.3∼3.7 and 3.5∼3.9 times in PM10 and PM2.5, respectively. Concentrations of the anthropogenic species such as S, Zn, Pb showed a noticeable increase during the Haze periods. The neutralization factors by ammonia were 0.78, 0.21, 0.84, 0.84, respectively, for non-events, Asian dust, haze and mist days in PM10, besides they were 0.92, 0.47, 0.95, 0.98, respectively, in PM2.5. Meanwhile, those by calcium carbonate were 0.10, 0.67, 0.04, 0.08 in PM10, and 0.02, 0.22, 0.01, 0.04 in PM2.5, respectively.