성인의 섭식성향 측정도구 개발 및 평가

Abstract

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to develop eating traits scale for Korean adults and verify its validity and reliability. Methods : First, in the scale development phase, the initial items were developed by literature reviews and exploratory research reviews from Park and Kim's(2019). The first preliminary scale has consisted of 78 items selected from the 138 items by literature reviews and exploratory research reviews. The second preliminary scale has consisted of 50 items selected from the 78 items by 13 experts who were formed to evaluate the content validity. In order to review the questionnaires, 27 sixth-grade elementary school students were asked to involve in this study whether they could\ understand their reading level. The questionnaire was revised through the consultation of Korean language teachers, and the final preliminary scale was composed of 50 items. Second, in the scale evaluation phase, data were collected from 329 adults aged 19 to 65 years, and the validity and reliability were verified. From the item analysis, 43 items with an item-total correlation between .20 and .80 were selected. The construct validity was verified through exploratory factor analysis. Results : Exploratory factor analysis showed 5 factors of 35 items. The factors were identified as 'Mood states(6 items)', 'Pursuit of health(6 items)', 'Stimulation of food(9 items)', 'Social situations(5 items)', 'Desire satisfaction(9 items)'. These 5 factors composed of 35 items explained 55.04% of the total variance. The construct validity was evaluated by group comparisons. The group was classified according to obesity, frequency of overeating, frequency of eating out, frequency of eating snacks, frequency of late-night snack. Their inter comparison showed significant differences in their eating traits. Accordingly, Eating traits scale developed in this study was established construct validity. The reliability of the scale, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .92 and the factor's ranged from .77 to .87. Conclusions: Eating traits scale developed in this study was verified by content validity, construct validity and reliability. It is expected to be useful measuring eating traits of Korean adults in clinical practice and research