제주지역 공립미술관의 공간구성 특성에 관한 연구

Abstract

Fine art museums in modern times are constructed as public facilities for an unspecified number of people to provide a space for art appreciation and cultural and artistic activities. In the past, they were intended to organize spaces and environments for the storage and preservation of works of art with historical and artistic values. In modern times, they are transforming into spaces for public social education and leisure. This is because the nature of the space changed along with the social role of the fine art museum. In modern times, the fine art museum has been used as a means for education and well-being of the general public and dispensed with the past use of showing the wealth and fame of a privileged minority. Buildings are changed and developed through the process of creating, integrating, reducing, and destroying spaces that enable users to realize functions according to their needs. Therefore, the first step for the development of space is to understand the motivation and purpose of the general public in the spatial planning of a fine art museum that accommodates many people. According to a recent study, visitors to contemporary fine art museums tend to visit special exhibitions with an emphasis on education or visit with a focus on leisure as part of cultural life. To this end, the spatial change of fine art museums as a whole is being rapidly accommodated in public art museums as non-profit social public facilities. According to a study on the spatial characteristics of public fine art museums according to changes in social roles, it was found that the layout of exhibition spaces and the change of resting spaces for leisure were particularly noticeable. The individual independent exhibition space ensures that visitors can see the exhibition and select a route so that the space can be used independently. Through intensive arrangement of various resting spaces and providing resting spaces to be used regardless of exhibition viewing, it provides convenience, allowing people to stay in the fine art museum for extended periods. The Jeju area has a relatively good number of public fine art museums for the enjoyment of culture and art. However, satisfaction with the use of culture and art space, which can be a measure of the quality evaluation of space utilization, remains below the national average. It was found to be relatively poor compared to quantitative figures. This implies that the above numerical results necessitate spatial study of the fine art museums in Jeju. Therefore, in this study, the characteristics of public fine art museums in Jeju were derived and the results are as follows. 1) Layout type of exhibition space The layout type of exhibition space is divided into limited continuous room type, selective continuous room type, limited independent private room type, and selective independent private room type. The type of space that provides visitors with the autonomy of viewing the exhibition and choosing routes is a selective independent private room type. For the limited continuous room type, selective continuous room type, limited independent private room type except selective independent private room type, whether or not to provide subjective space use opportunities appeared differently depending on the layout and operation of exhibition spaces and public spaces in each fine art museum. The fine art museums that provide the autonomy of the choice of permanent exhibitions and special exhibitions, as well as the choice of viewing routes, include Jeju Museum of Art, Kim Tschang-Yeul Museum, and Lee Jung-Seop Museum, which are three out of the seven museums. Partly selectable fine art museums are the Jeju Museum of Contemporary Art and Gidang Museum of Art, although it is not completely free when choosing exhibitions and the routes. Soam Museum and Jeju Museum of Chusa are fine art museums in which exhibition viewing and routes were created in a single direction. 2) Layout type of resting space The layout type of the resting space is divided into concentrated type and distributed type. If the spaces that perform similar functions are dense, the moving length of each space is shortened, so the efficiency of space use is increased. Also, according to the layout of the exhibition space and public space of fine art museums, all visitors who do not visit the exhibition are given the opportunity to use the free rest area. As a result, general public visits to fine art museums increase. The fine art museums in which the layout of resting spaces are concentrated are the Jeju Museum of Art, Jeju Museum of Contemporary Art, Soam Museum, and Jeju Museum of Chusa. The fine art museums where the layout of the resting spaces are available to all visitors who do not visit the exhibition are the Jeju Museum of Art, Jeju Museum of Contemporary Art, Lee Jung-Seop Museum, and Soam Museum. Therefore, the fine art museums with high usability for the resting spaces that satisfies the above two conditions are the Jeju Museum of Art, Jeju Museum of Contemporary Art, and Soam Museum. As a result of the analysis of this study, only one of seven public fine art museums in Jeju is equipped with a space for providing autonomy in routes and high usability at the same time, the Jeju Museum of Art. In this respect, fine art museums in the Jeju region do not meet the conditions of the architectural environment in relation to the routes of visitors, which is a factor generally pursued in modern times. Therefore, in order to increase the satisfaction of urban people's use of art museum space, it is considered that the functional spaces of the Jeju art museums should be planned in consideration of exhibition spaces where each functional space can be freely selected and the resting spaces are afforded high usability.