종합병원 간호사의 표준주의지침 수행과 감염관리 조직문화와의 관련성

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the nurses' practice of standard precautions, to examine factors associated with the practice of standard precautions, and to provide fundamental data to improve the practice of standard precautions for the hospital-associated infection prevention and control. Data were collected from May 15th to 22nd in 2020. A total of 204 nurses in 4 hospitals in J province area participated in data collection. Data of general and infection control-related characteristics, the practice of standard precautions, the knowledge of standard precautions, work overload, environment for infection control, and organizational culture for infection control were collected using a structured questionnaire. One hundred ninety-seven survey data were analyzed using frequency and percentage, mean and deviation, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. SPSS version 23.0 was used for data analysis. The following results were obtained: 1) The mean score on the practice of standard precautions was 4.41±0.36 points, and that on knowledge of standard precautions 0.87±0.08 points. Additionally, the mean score of work overload was 3.40±0.57 points. The mean score on each the environment for infection control and the organizational culture for infection control were 4.01±0.55 and 5.32±0.82 points. 2) With respect to general characteristics, there were significant differences in the practice of standard precautions according to age (F=4.42, p=.005), marital status (t=−2.55, p=.011), and clinical experience (F=6.20, p<.001). Regarding infection control-related characteristics, the practice of standard precautions statistically differed by the experience of sharp injury over the past year (t=−2.33, p=.021). 3) Practice of standard precautions was significantly positively correlated with environment for infection control (r=.30, p<.001) and organizational culture for infection control (r=.37, p<.001). 4) Factors associated with the practice of standard precautions were organizational culture for infection control (β=.35, p<.001) and clinical experience (β=−.26, p<.001). These factors explained 19.7% of the variance in practice of standard precautions (F=25.10, p<.001). To conclude, the practice of standard precautions has a positive correlation with the environment for infection control and organizational culture for infection control. Organizational culture for infection control and clinical experience were reported as associated factors to the practice of standard precautions. Based on this study, development and implementation of a systematic education program according to the nurses' clinical experience is recommended along with facilitation of the positive organizational culture for infection control.