암묵적 이론에 기초한 스포츠실천지능척도 개발

Abstract

Sternberg suggests that successful intelligence is presented from the ability which effectively adapts to, creates and selects the environment in order to be successful in personal life and social norms, and this ability is the implicit knowledge acquired by experience. The purpose of this study was to develop reliable and reasonable measurement questionnaires based on implicit theory to identify practice intelligence that young players might experience in sports events. To this end, two sequential studies confirmed the applicability of implicit theory to sports events. First, the study 1 aims to develop sports practice intelligence scale for 462 players in universities and physical education high schools, and then verifies construct validity and reliability of developed measurement tool. Data has been collected in universities and physical education high schools of J province and two metropolitan citiesfrom June 2020 to April 2021. The practice intelligence questions were carefully selected through indepth-interview and preliminary examination based on literature review and leading data. Through the contents analysis and factor analysis procedures, sports practice intelligence scale with 3 factors and 26 questions consisting of practice intelligence skills, self-management skills, and interpersonal skills was developed. And the study 2 aims to reconfirm the factor structure of sports practical intelligence scale developed in the study 1 and closely examine the relationship with reference variable to measure the safety of measurement tool. The subjects of the study 2 are 292 players of university and high school and the data collection was made from 10th of May 2021 to 31st of May 2021. The results of the confirmative factor analysis corroborate the results of Study 1, and it is shown that the reliability estimates measured with internal agreement were also satisfactory. As a result of examining correlation between subfactors of practical intelligence and extrinsic variables, the subfactor of practical intelligence showed positive correlation with ego-resilience, autonomous motivation and prosocial behavior, and only the practical action ability, the subfactor of practical intelligence, showed positive correlation with antisocial behavior. Also, the result of testing test-retest reliability for 32 undergraduates, which was performed twice at 4 weeks intervals, was satisfactory, thereby the safety of sports practical intelligence scale according to time was proved. Therefore, sports practical intelligence scale confirmed that criterion-related validity as well as construct validity is high. In conclusion, this study drew the component of practical intelligence from sports attitude, or in terms of belief applied to players in certain areas through the correlation between practical intelligence and implicit theory defined by culture and environment which domain specificity of sports has. Hereupon, the sports practical intelligence scale developed by this study expects that it will be able to be used as useful tool to understand the practical intelligence that youth players should have in sports performance events.