아세안시장에서 한·중·일 수출상품의 국제경쟁력 분석에 관한 연구

Abstract

In this study, the RCA index, SRCA index, and TSI index were analyzed byASEAN countries (Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Malaysia) of major exportitems from Korea, China, and Japan, and their changes were compared. Weanalyzed how ESI and CMS of Korea, China, and Japan export products appearin the ASEAN market.As a result of the analysis, it was found that, among the four ASEANcountries, China had the highest market share and Export Similarity Index (ESI)of Korea to ASEAN countries and Korea seems to be doing well in theVietnamese market.Second, in Korea-China and Korea-Japan competition in the four countries inKorea's ASEAN market, the overall number of items with increased contentionand decreased items was almost the same.Although there are slight differences by country, the level of competition formachinery (HS84) and electronic equipment (HS85) products is very high inalmost all countries and the degree of competition for plastic products (HS39)was high in Indonesia,Third, SRCA's comprehensive analysis of Korea's four ASEAN countriesshowed that it was 0.5 or higher in all items of the four countries, indicatingvery high competitiveness and, looking at TSI, it was found that thecompetitiveness was very weak between -1.0≤TSI≤-0.5 in the Indonesianmarket for mineral fuel (HS27) and for the Malaysian market for precisionequipment (HS90). And for the remaining items, all of the trade specializationindexes were positive (+), indicating that they were competitive.Combining the analysis results, the ASEAN market is Korea's main exportmarket but Korea's exports to Vietnam are too concentrated, accounting fornearly half of all exports to ASEAN. Major items such as machinery (HS84),electronic equipment (HS85), and precision equipment (HS90) account for a veryhigh proportion of exports.Accordingly, Korea needs to cultivate its marketing capabilities through newexport products and regions such as Thailand, which have been slow to advance.In addition, Korean products have a comparative advantage in the ASEANimport market, but efforts to strengthen competitiveness are required for itemsthat have intensified competition with China and Japan.For items with comparative advantage, but with relatively low competitionfrom China and Japan, it seems that Korean companies should continue theirefforts to secure market competitiveness.And since ASEAN consumption patterns vary by country and by purchasingclass and region within a country, it is necessary to recognize and approachASEAN as an individual market rather than as a single market.In the mid- to long-term, the ASEAN market should not be viewed merely asa consumption market to expand Korea's exports, but technology cooperation andexpansion of business exchanges should be continuously maintained.