중국의 교육재정 지출의 현황과 개선방안

Abstract

Expenditure on education is an important part of fiscal expenditure; China always attached importance to education development,increasing capital investment in education and talent reserve, importance of education in the money supply and the soft environment, and actively improves the educational expenditure in total expenditure in fiscal weight. After the reforms, China's education along with overall growth of national economy, but also the development by leaps and bounds, has made many remarkable achievements has been the comprehensive quality of the general improvement of basic education, higher education and vocational education are gained unprecedented development. Education sector expenditure on education to the overall development of economic infrastructure and resources to play the role of security, how to increase financial input in education, a reasonable distribution of funds to invest in education to improve the utilization efficiency of education funding is the financial work of the focus of current education. Expenditure on education issues, not just to increase the number of the Government's education funding to expand the scale of expenditure on education, but also optimize the educational structure of financial expenditure, a reasonable grasp to invest in education spending, improving education and other aspects of the content of the financial cost. At present, education in Western countries more developed, the total expenditure on education expenditure and a large proportion of GDP, while capital investment is more reasonable, more appropriate structure of public expenditure on education,education, more efficient use of resources, for non-educational the economic benefits of industry and society are also high. Years of education in developed countries, the accumulation of lessons learned and practice, as we learn from the information and wealth, combined with China's cultural background and level of economic development, China's expenditure on education adjusting the size and structure, increase the use of education expenditure efficiency and economic benefits, and ultimately the overall growth of China's educational undertakings and the comprehensive quality and the rapid development of comprehensive national strength. At this stage, the education expenditure of certain problems and shortcomings, to show some negative effects of the imbalance needs to be adjusted and resolved. First, although our total expenditure increased year by year, but in the overall proportion of financial expenditure share is very small, compared with developed countries in education, there is a considerable investment in education funding gap between the need to continue to the proportion of additional expenditure on education. Second, China's education need to adjust and optimize the financial expenditure structure, the structure of public expenditure on education there is a certain imbalance. Eastern China and central and western regions of the education expenditure growing gap; China's urban and rural educational resources is also a clear difference; of basic education, higher education and vocational education, the proportion of the three investment imbalance, more inclined to elementary education; education expenditure within the uneven distribution do not fully optimized; the central and local education spending in harmonious proportions, the main expenditure on education is not balanced. A variety of factors contribute to the imbalance of China's current expenditure on education to a situation-specific aspects should be actively adjusted to maximize the benefits of education expenditure. This article first give the connotation of Education Expenditure and theoretical support, then describes the development of education finance in China, analyzed the changes in size and structure of the total, and there is imbalance in China's education finance issues and the negative effects it causes, for the corresponding problem, make the adjustment of public expenditure on education suggestions.