고등학생의 스마트폰 과의존과 우울이 수면의 질에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to see the smartphone overdependence, depression and levels of sleep quality among high school students and determine the factors related to the quality of sleep. A descriptive research study was conducted using a structured questionnaire and the data were collected from March 28th to April 20th, 2022. The participants were 211 high school students from grade 1 to 3, attending general and specialized vocational high schools. The frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation of the collected data were calculated, and the data were analyzed by using Chi- square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffè’s test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis, with SPSS WIN 23.0 program. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The average score of the subjects' smartphone dependence was 21.10±5.99 out of 40. And 76 out of 185 people(41.1%) were in the risk group for overdependence. 2. The depression of the subjects was found to be an average of 15.34±10.01 points out of 60 points. Among the 185 people, 73(39.5%) were in the depression group. 3. The sleep quality of the subjects was 6.89±2.56 out of 21 points. Among the 185 people, 125(67.6%) belonged to poor sleep group. 4. The variables that showed a significant difference in sleep quality according to the general characteristics of subjects were household economic level(F=3.19, p=.044), relationship satisfaction with friends (F=6.29, p=.002), caffeine intake(F=5.01, p=.008), major time slot of using smartphone(F=-3.73, p=<.001), smartphone dependence(t=-3.06, p=.003) and depression(t=-6.58, p=.000). As a result of Scheffé test, the quality of sleep was lower when the household economic level was 'low', the relationship with friends was dissatisfactory and the more caffeine was consumed. Also, the sleep quality was significantly low in the group using a smartphone after 22:00, the smartphone dependence risk group, and the depression group. 5. The subjects' sleep quality had a statistically significant positive correlation with smartphone dependence(r=.27, p<.001) and depression (r=.54, p<.001). 6. The factors influencing the sleep quality of the subjects were identified as the major time slot of using smartphone(β=.22 p=.001) and depression (β=.44 p<.001). The explanatory power of the variables was 34.6%. In conclusion, this study identified the major time slot of using smartphone and dependence as the factors affecting the quality of sleep of high school students. Therefore, to improve the sleep quality of high school students, it is required to pay attention to the major time slot of using smartphone and prioritize intervening to their depression as well as estimating it.