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가축분뇨 시용이 사초생산량 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향

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Alternative Title
Effects of animal manure application on the forage productivity and chemical properties of soil
Abstract
Organic fertilizer such as livestock manure increases soil organic matter, improves soil structure, improves water-holding capacity, reduces soil- crusting problems, reduces erosion from wind and water, and improves buffering capacity against fluctuations in pH levels. Recently, pasture application of livestock manure in environment-friendly forage production system is an efficient process that can reduce dependence on chemical fertilizer application.

Experiment 1> This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of cattle manure application on forage productivity and soil characteristics in pasture.
The treatment consisted of T1 : 100% chemical fertilizer (CF 100%), T2: 50% CF +50% cattle manure (CM50%), T3: 25% CF +75% CM, T4: 100% cattle manure (CM 100%), T5: 100% CM(1st yr.)+ 100% CF (2nd yr,) + 100% CM (3rd yr), T6: 100% CM(1st yr.)+ 100% CF (2nd yr.)+ 100% CF (3rd yr.). The highest substitution effect of chemical fertilizer with cattle manure indicated by the highest yield. record of 11,169 kg/ha was obtained from the application of 100% CM (1 yr.)+ 100% CF (2 yr.). The forage yield of plots applied with 100% CM (1 yr.)+ 100% CF (2 yr.) was only 4% more than the yield of plots applied with 100% CM. It was only 3% less than the yield of plots applied with 100% CF. Changes in physical and chemical properties of soils applied with 100% CF and 100% CM were comparable. However, cattle manure application in pasture was superior to chemical fertilizer application with respect to organic matter(OM), total nitrogen(T-N) and calcium contents of the soil. In this present study, cattle manure application recorded slightly lower forage (DM) yield than 100% CF application but they were statistically comparable on the third year of production. The combined use of cattle manure and chemical fertilizer could attribute to reduce dependence on fertilizer application while maintaining soil health on long-term basis.

Experiment 2> This study was carried out to determine the effect of chemical fertilizer and two fermented types of pig slurry on the dry matter(DM) yield and quality of three forage crops and soil chemical properties. The experiment was set up following split plot design with three replications. Main plots consisted of three crops namely sorghum hybrid('SS405'), sorghum ×sudan grass hybrid('Jumbo'), and corn('DK501'). Sub plots consisted of three treatments such as chemical fertilizer (CF) applied at a rate of N-200, P-150, K-150kg/ha, fermented pig slurry (FPS), applied at 200kg N/ha, and fermented pig slurry treated with probiotics (FPS+P) applied at 200kg N/ha. Among the three forage crops evaluated, Sorghum ×Sudan grass hybrid was the tallest (380.3cm)(p<0.05)and had the significantly highest DM yield(14,809kg/ha). The DM yield of plants applied with FPS+P was the highest among the treatments(p<0.05). The crude protein(CP) contents(%) of the stems of the three forage crops were statistically similar which ranged from 2.86-3.44%. Stems of plants applied with CF and FPS had comparable CP, which was significantly higher than those applied with FPS+P. Sorghum ×Sudan grass hybrid and corn had statistically similar phosphorus contents in their stems. Stems of plants applied with CF had the highest Ca, Mg and Na contents while the stems of forage crops applied with FPS+P recorded the highest mineral uptake especially the Cu and Fe uptake. The CP and other chemical composition of the leaves of the three forage crops studied did not differ significantly. Only the K content of leaves of the three crops differed significantly. Sorghum hybrid got the highest K content. On the other hand, leaves of plants fertilized with CF, FPS and FPS+P significantly differed in terms of CP, K, Mg and Na contents. Leaves of plants applied with CF had the significantly highest CP and K contents, while the leaves of plants applied with FPS had the highest Mg (0.45) and the highest Na (0.07) was noted from the leaves applied with FPS+P. The leaves of forage crops applied with fermented pig slurry exhibited higher mineral uptake than those leaves of plants applied with CF, much better Cu and Na uptake was exemplified by the leaves of plants applied with FPS+P than FPS application. Fertilizers applied in corn plants did not have significant effect on the crude protein and chemical composition of its grain. The mineral contents of corn grain were comparable except for Cu which was higher in grains harvested from plants applied with FPS and FPS+P. The soils planted to sorghum hybrid and sorghum x sudan grass hybrid were significantly more acidic than the soil planted to corn which registered higher pH (pH=5.5). The soils applied with fermented pig slurry were significantly more acidic than the soil applied with complete fertilizer. The soil applied with FPS+P recorded the lowest average pH of 5.2. The total N, OM, Ca, Mg and CEC of the soils in the pasture area used, did not differ significantly among the treatments in this study. The P2O5 of the soils planted with different forage crops were comparable. The soils applied with FPS+P registered significantly highest P2O5 and K contents among treatments. The highest Na content was recorded in soil planted with Corn. Fertilization of CF, FPS and FPS+P in three forage crops improved the level of minerals (i.e. Fe, Zn and Cu) of the soil except for Mn.

Experiment 3> This study was carried out to determine the effect of chemical fertilizer and two fermented types of pig slurry on the dry matter(DM) yield and quality of two forage grasses and soil chemical properties. The experiment was arranged in split plot design with four replications. The main plots consisted of two forage grasses namely Italian ryegrass(I) and Rye(R), and the sub plots consisted of two treatments such as fermented pig slurry(stored-for 3month, FPS) applied at 200kg N/ha, and unfermented pig slurry (stored-for 3day, UFPS) applied at 200kg N/ha. Among the parameters considered in this study, only the plant height in the 2nd and 3rd MAP, the manganese and zinc concentrations in plant tissue and the potassium content of the soil differed significantly between the two species of forage grass studied. Rye had taller plants than Italian rye grass. The manganese and zinc concentrations were higher in plant tissues of Italian rye grass than in Rye. The potassium content of the soil planted with Rye was higher than the soil planted with Italian rye grass.
The kind of pig slurry and its time of application did not show significant effect in almost all parameters measured in this study, except in percent crude protein. The fertilization of aerobically FPS at planting resulted in highest percent crude protein in both forage grass species among the fertilizer treatments.
No significant interaction effect of forage grass species and the kind of pig slurry and its time of application was noted in characters observed in this experiment except in phosphorus content of the soil. Soil grown with rye fertilized with UFPS registered the highest P2O5.
Author(s)
황경준
Issued Date
2007
Awarded Date
2007. 8
Type
Dissertation
URI
http://dcoll.jejunu.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000004107
Alternative Author(s)
Hwang,Kyung-Jun
Affiliation
제주대학교
Department
대학원 동물자원과학과
Advisor
김문철
Table Of Contents
Ⅰ. 서론 1

Ⅱ. 연구사 3
1. 가축분뇨 발생량 및 이용현황 3
2. 가축분뇨를 이용한 조사료 생산성 5
1) 가축분뇨시용이 하계작물의 생산성에 미치는 효과 5
2) 가축분뇨시용이 동계작물의 생산성에 미치는 효과 6
3) 가축분뇨시용이 초지의 생산성에 미치는 효과 7
3. 토양특성 변화 8
4. 가축분뇨 시용과 목초의 무기양분 함량 변화 11

Ⅲ. 재료 및 방법 14
1. 우분퇴비 시용이 혼파초지의 생산량 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향 14
1) 시험장소 및 기상현황 14
2) 토양 및 우분퇴비성분 16
3) 실험설계 및 시험구 배치 17
4) 시비량 및 파종량 17
5) 조사방법 18
(1) 식생, 수량 및 채식량 18
(2) 토양의 침출수 18
6) 식물체 및 토양분석 19
(1) 식물체 19
(2) 토양 19
7) 통계분석 20
2. 미생물제제 처리 돈분액비 시용이 하계사료작물의 생산량 및 토양 특성에 미치는 영향 21
1) 시험장소 및 기상현황 21
2) 토양 및 돈분액비 성분 21
3) 실험설계 및 시험구 배치 22
4) 시비량 및 파종량 22
5) 조사방법 23
(1) 생육 및 수량조사 23
(2) 식물체 23
(3) 토양 23
6) 통계분석 24
3. 돈분액비 시용이 동계사료작물의 생산량 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향 25
1) 시험장소 및 기상현황 25
2) 토양 및 돈분액비 성분 25
3) 실험설계 및 시험구 배치 26
4) 시비량 및 파종량 26
5) 조사방법 27
(1) 생육 및 수량조사 27
(2) 식물체 27
(3) 토양 27
(4) 악취측정 28
6) 통계분석 28

Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 29
1. 우분퇴비 시용이 혼파초지의 생산량 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향 29
1) 건물수량 29
2) 식생구성율 31
3) 채식율 34
4) 목초의 조단백질 함량 35
5) 침출수의 수질 36
6) 목초의 다량무기물 및 미량무기물 흡수량 38
(1) 목초의 다량무기물 함량 38
(2) 목초의 미량무기성분 흡수량 44
7) 토양성분 변화 51
2. 미생물제제 처리 돈분액비 시용이 하계사료작물의 생산량 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향 54
1) 생육상태 54
2) 건물수량 55
3) 식물체의 조단백질 및 무기물 함량 57
4) 토양특성 변화 66
3. 돈분액비 시용이 동계사료작물의 생산량 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향 70
1) 생육상태 70
2) 건물수량 72
3) 사료가치 74
(1) 조단백질 함량 74
(2) 식물체 무기물함량 76
4) 액비시용 후 가스발생량 78
5) 토양특성 변화 80

Ⅴ. 종합결론 83

Ⅵ. 적요 87
Ⅶ. 인용문헌 90
103
Degree
Doctor
Publisher
제주대학교
Citation
황경준. (2007). 가축분뇨 시용이 사초생산량 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향
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