濟州馬의 평보와 속보시 숙련도에 따른 기승자세의 비교분석에 관한 調査 硏究

Abstract

This research was executed to be used as basic resources for riding education of each level and to present the importance of riding posture as analyzing the difference of the rider's posture angles by the levels of experience. The subjects of this research were composed of 3 experienced riders and 6 novice riders and they were observed by the experiment plan. It was walk and rising trot on a cross breed. To reduce the margin of error from horse's gaits and tacks, a single horse with the same tacks (bit, bridle, saddle) was used and the subjects were wearing tights for convenience of marking and accurate shots, and 21 marks on the subjects' joints. The experiment method was specifically planed to compare level changes of non-experienced riders with the experienced riders. The first stage was for the first shooting which lasted for 12 weeks and it was one hour riding twice a week. And the second shooting was taken 12 weeks later with the identical method. The subjects were made to pass the section 3 times and night shooting was carried out for more accurate shooting. The following is the summarized result. First, the gap of elbow angle changes of the novice rider group in P1 is 145.73±8˚ and in P2 is 154.41±10˚. It shows statistical significant difference (P<.05). Second, gap of hip angle changes of the novice rider group in P1 and P2 was 121.06±9.5˚ 113.35±9.2˚ and is statistically reduced significantly (P<.05). The gap of knee angle changes reduced from 126.51±12˚ to 117.10±8.6˚ (P<.05). The gap of ankle angle changes was from 93.76±9.5˚ to 98.12±6˚, also showed statistical significant difference (P<.05). Third, the movement rage of shoulders of novice group in walk showed 5˚ degrees in P1 and 2.2˚ degrees in P2, and the experience group showed 1.8˚ degrees which is relatively stable posture in walk and changed to a stabilized result in P2 in trot. Fourth, segment angles of both group showed that the postures were moved backward in early swing than early stance. Fifth, in walk, elbow and shoulder, knee and ankle, and shoulder and FR angle showed positive correlation respectively and hip and LR angle showed negative correlation. Lastly, in trot, knee and elbow, ankle and elbow, knee and hip, ankle and knee, and LR angle and ankle showed positive correlation respectively and FR angle and hip showed negative correlation.

The beginner group took a thrusting forward posture in angle of knee and ankle. It means that the hipbone and the legs were not on vertical line but in a diagonal line by moving hipbone farther and it showed some troubles in controlling a horse. But the gap of movement range showed more stable posture in P2 than P1 and it can be concluded that it was from upskilling. Therefore analyzing angles of the rider's posture should be continued for improvement of riding quality. Henceforth a research on muscle movement differences between the experienced riders who have secure posture to control horses and novice riders is necessary.