제주산 복분자 추출물의 항산화 활성

Abstract

본 연구에서는 추출방법에 따른 복분자 열매의 생리활성을 조사하기 위하여, 메탄올, 초임계 이산화탄소 및 효소적 추출방법에 따른 이들 추출물들의 총 폴리페놀함량, DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, hyroxyl radical 및 nitric oxide radical 소거활성을 평가함으로서 복분자 열매의 건강기능 식품의 소재로 활용하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 복분자 열매의 수분함량은 74.3%, 조지방이 11.6%, 조단백질 6.1%이었으며, 조탄수화물은 3.1%이었다. 2. 복분자 열매의 추출수율은 효소적 추출물이 4.49～5.43 %, 초임계 이산화탄소 추출물 5.25～8.92%, 70% 메탄올 추출물은 10.12%로 메탄올 추출물이 가장 높은 추출수율을 보였다. 3. 복분자 열매의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 70% 메탄올 추출물에서 2,409.01 mg/100g으로 가장 높았으며 초임계 이산화탄소 추출물 1,316.09～1,605.06 mg/100g, 효소적 추출물 606.54～783.93 mg/100g이었다. 4. 복분자 열매의 DPPH radical 소거활성(IC50, 값)은 효소적 추출물에서 350～480 ㎍/mL, 초임계 이산화탄소 추출물에서 310～480 ㎍/mL, 70% 메탄올 추출물에서도 490 ㎍/mL으로, 대조군으로 사용한 BHT(40 ㎍/mL) 및 α-tocopherol(70 ㎍/mL)에 비해서 낮은 활성을 보였다. 5. Superoxide anion(O2-·)소거활성(IC50, 값)은 효소적 추출물에서 AMG(9 80 ㎍/mL), Flavouryme( 710 ㎍/mL), Alcalase( 850 ㎍/mL)으로, 대조군으로 사용한 α-tocopherol보다 높은 활성을 보였고, 초임계 이산화탄소 120분 추 출물에서 180 ㎍/mL으로 대조군으로 사용한 BHT(180 ㎍/mL)와 α-tocopheol(1600 ㎍/mL)보다는 높은 활성을 보였다. 6. H2O2 소거활성(IC50 값)은 초임계 이산화탄소 추출물 30분(1300 ㎍/mL), 60분(840 ㎍/mL), 120분(700 ㎍/mL), 70% 메탄올 추출물에서 670㎍/mL으로, 대조구로 사용한 항산화제인 BHT와 α-tocopherol보다 높았다. 7. Hydroxyl radical(·OH) 소거능은 초임계 이산화탄소 추출물120분(46 ㎍/mL)과 70% 메탄올 추출물(1880 ㎍/mL)에서 높은 활성을 보였으나, 대조구인 BHT와 α-tocopherol에 비해서 낮은 활성을 보였다. 8. Nitric oxide(NO) radical 소거활성은 70% 메탄올 추추출에서 790 ㎍/mL, 초임계 이산화탄소 추출에서 750～1840 ㎍/mL으로 대조구로 사용한 BHT(1630㎍/mL)와 α-tocopherol보다 높은 소거활성을 보였다.

The antioxidant potential of methanolic extract, supercritical carbondioxide extract and enzymatic extracts from Rubus coreanus was investigated using DPPH free radical, hydrogen peroxide, different reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide (NO) assays. Proximate chemical composition of Rubus coreanus was: moisture 74.3%, ash content 4.9%, carbohydrate 3.1%, crude protein 6.1% and crude lipid 11.6%. Extractable yield of enzymatic extracts lie between 4.49-5.43% while supercritical carbondioxide extracts were between 5.25-8.92%. Highest extractable yield was shown by 70% methanolic extract among the all extracts and it was 10.12%. Total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method and methanolic extract showed highest content (2409.01 mg/100g). The total phenolic content of supercritical carbondioxide extracts were between 1316.09-1605.06 mg/100g while enzymatic extracts showed the total phenolic content between 606.54-783.93 mg/100g. The Rubus coreanus extract prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide for 120 min time duration showed highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50: 310 ㎍/mL) and 70% methanolic extract showed second highest scavenging activity(IC50: 490 ㎍/mL). Both values were higher than that of commercial antioxidants BHT and α-tocopherol (IC50: 40 ㎍/mL and 70 ㎍/mL respectively). Further, highest superoxide radical scavenging activity also showed by the extract prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide (IC50: 80～380 ㎍/mL) which were higher than that of all other extracts as well as BHT and α-tocopherol. 70% methanolic extract showed the second highest scavenging activity (IC50: 240 ㎍/mL) and Flavourzyme (IC50: 710 ㎍/mL), AMG (IC50: 980 ㎍/mL) and Alcalase (IC50: 850 ㎍/mL) extracts showed higher activity than that of BHT and α-tocopherol in superoxide radical scavenging. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity was highest in 70% methanolic extract (IC50: 670 ㎍/mL) which was higher than the values of both BHT and and -tocopherol and second highest activity was shown by the Protamex (IC50: 3390 ㎍/mL). Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was highest in the supercritical carbondioxide extract prepared for 120 min (IC50: 46～50 ㎍/mL). Methanolic and enzymatic extracts showed lower activity in hydroxyl radical scavenging. Nitric oxide scavenging activity was highest in supercritical carbondioxide extract prepared for 30min (IC50: 750㎍/mL) and it was higher than that of BHT ( IC50: 1630 ㎍/mL)and -tocopherol (IC50: 2340 ㎍/mL). In conclusion, this work has shown that the supercritical carbondioxide extract and metanolic extract of Rubus coreanus act as strong radical scavenging agent which can be used as a natural source of potential antioxidants. Further work is needed to purify and isolate the bioactive compounds available in Rubus coreanus, which later, can be used in medicinal or pharmaceutical industry.