에센셜 아로마오일의 세포독성과 3종의 어류병원성 세균 항균활성에 미치는 영향

Abstract

Recently, four different essential aroma oils extracted from jojoba, ginger, cypress, and rosemary have been highly regarded for their various physiological functions. In order to determine which oil has the highest anti-microbial activity, the study examined the anti-microbial activity against fish pathogenic bacteria such as S. iniae, E. tarda, V. ichthyoenteri. At the same time, to verify the possibility that the oils could be an alternative to antibiotics, the study also investigated cytotoxicities of liver cells, brain cells, and kidney cells against the four oils and assessed the effects on a human body.

1. In regard to viability and morphological change, jojoba oil did not show any anti-microbial activity, nor did it cause any morphological changes to the three different cells (liver, brain, and kidney). However, it stimulated cell growth and proliferation in those cells. In addition, cypress oil showed the lowest cell viability in a concentration of 0.00066μL/mL and showed growth inhibition and endolysis in the liver cells and the kidney cells.

2. The susceptibility disc diffusion method for general anti-biotic substance and VITEC 60 autoanalyzer showed the same anti-bacterial effect even for the same series of antibiotics. The results of comparison and analysis from the 2 methods showed the same susceptibility for the same series of antibiotics but the amount differed from 3 to 10 times. Here, it is confirmed that the injection amount shall be determined based on MIC values.

3. The anti-microbial activity of each essential aroma oil differed according to fish pathogenic bacteria but they all showed suppression in both undiluted solutions and diluted solutions of the oils. That indicates that essential oils include anti-microbial activities against various fish pathogenic bacteria. Rosemary oil in particular did not produce toxicity in the cells, but had the various anti-microbial effects and the physiological ability to enhance other effects. Also, it was found that the cells did not develop a resistance to the oil. This result suggests that rosemary oil could be used as an antibiotic alternative for infections of S. iniae, E. tarda, V. ichthyoenteri. In order to put these results to practical use, further studies on anti-microbial activity of fish, treatment for infected fish, and the effects on the human body by diluting rosemary oil are required at a clinical level. Lastly, this study is expected to be the basis of developing a natural anti-microbial vaccine.