肥肉用 飼料의 給與 方法이 濟州馬 交雜種의 飼料 利用 및 肉質 特性에 미치는 影響

Abstract

This study was conducted to set up feeding method for fattening of Jeju cross-bred horses. In experiment 1, Jeju cross-bred horses, which are from twenty-four months to thirty-six old, were allocated three groups and were investigated by feeding the concentrate feed at 1.5% (n=5), 2% (n=4), and 2.5% (n=5) of their body weight. the final body weights were 288.60, 324.50, 337.00 in 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% and its levels were significantly high in the treatment group (p<0.05), which were fed concentrate feed at 2.5% of body weight. Endotoxin, which is known to be released in gram-negative bacteria cell wall in case of eating much concentrate feed, were significantly low in the treatment group which were fed concentrate feed at 2% and 2.5% of body weight (p<0.05) in the third week. But since then, there were no significant differences. The faecal pH were 6.2, 5.8, 5.7 in 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% and its levels were significantly low (p<0.05) in the treatment group, which were fed concentrate feed at 2% and 2.5% of body weight. The number of faecal microbiota, such as Fibrobacter involved in the decomposition of cellulose and carbohydrates, were 2.49%, 1.42%, 1.09% in 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%. It shows significant decrease as the amount of concentrate feed increased (p<0.05). In experiment 2, Jeju cross-bred horses, which are about thirty-six old, were allocated three groups and were investigated by feeding frequencies at 2 times (n=5), 3 times (n=4), and 4 timese (n=3) of their body weight. its levels were not significantly difference the treatment group (p>0.05) and all treatment group have high rectal temperature and fecal pH than normal range but the colic symptoms did not appear to all the treatment group. In experiment 3, Jeju cross-bred horses, which are more than thirty-six old, were allocated two groups and were investigated weight gain and characteristics in loin muscle of Jeju-cross bred according to feeding managements horse. Individual management were higher than herd in the weights gain but its levels were not significantly difference the treatment group (p>0.05). But individual management was herd higher fat content significantly. These results suggest that feeding concentrate at 2.5% of body weight in individual management might be utilized as a method of fattening in Jeju cross-bred horses.

본 연구는 제주마 교잡종의 비육을 위한 사양 체계를 설정하기 위해 수행되었다. 실험 1에서 24-36개월의 제주마 교잡종(제주마×더러브렛) 14두를 공시하였으며, 농후사료의 급여수준을 체중의 1.5%(5두), 2%(4두)와 2.5%(5두)로 급여한 결과 종료체중은 각각 288.60, 324.50, 337.00kg을 나타내어 2.5%를 섭취한 구에서 유의적으로 높은 수치를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 내독소는 농후사료 과다 섭취에 의해 그람음성균의 세포벽에서 방출되는 물질로 봄에 시행한 시험에서 3주차 때 농후사료를 체중의 2%와 2.5%를 급여한 처리구에서 유의적으로 낮은 결과를 나타내었으나(p<0.05), 이후에는 점차 모든 처리구에서 수치가 비슷해져 적응하는 경향을 보여 모든 처리구가 농후사료 급여에 적응하는 경향을 보였다. 분 pH는 농후사료를 체중의 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% 급여한 처리구에서 각각 6.2, 5.8, 5.7로 나타나 농후사료를 체중의 2%와 2.5%를 급여한 처리구에서 유의적으로 낮은 결과를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 분내 미생물에서는 셀룰로오스와 같은 구조 탄수화물의 분해에 관여하는 미생물로 알려진 Fibrobacter가 체중의 1.5% 급여했을 경우 총 미생물군에서 2.49%를 차지하였고, 2%와 2.5% 급여구에서는 각각 1.42%와 1.09%를 차지하여 농후사료 급여량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 실험 2에서 36개월 내외의 제주마 교잡종(제주마×더러브렛) 13두를 공시하였으며 농후사료 급여 횟수에 2, 3, 4회로 급여한 결과 증체량에서 유의적인 차이는 없었으며(p>0.05), 모든 처리구에서 직장온도와 장내 pH가 높게 나타났으나 산통증상은 나타나지 않았다. 실험 3에서 36개월 이상의 제주마 교잡종(제주마×더러브렛) 16두를 공시하였으며, 사양 형태에 따른 증체량 및 등심근 내 특성을 조사한 결과 개별 사양 처리구에서 군집 사양 처리구보다 증체량이 높아지는 경향을 보였으나, 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 그러나 개별 사양시 등심근에서 지방함량이 유의적으로 높아졌다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 제주마 교잡종의 비육시 개별 사양 형태로 농후사료를 체중의 2.5% 수준으로 급여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.