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조선 전기 제주 해안 방어 연구

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Alternative Title
A Study on the Coastal Defense during the Early Joseon Period
Abstract
The constant invasions of Japanese pirates inflicted enormous damage on Goryeo and
Joseon and escalated into an international conflict as they gradually expanded their
target areas from the Korean Peninsula to China. The issue of Japanese pirates, causing
economic damage and diplomatic problems, led the Joseon government to consider
defense strategies against them. In particular, during the early Joseon period, the pirates
were not only engaging in invading activities, but also gradually establishing their bases
in the coastal areas of Joseon. Japanese pirates sailed deep waters for their invading
activities in China and they used the islands on the southwest coast of the Korean
peninsula as military supply points. Among the islands, Jeju, the largest island on the
peninsula, was a geographically important point that could function as an intermediate
foothold as well as a supply point. Therefore, having recognized the geographic
importance of reorganizing the defense facilities in Jeju, the Joseon government operated
its coastal defense system with the installation of garrisoned posts (banghoso) and
beacon fire stations (bongsudae) under the three fortress system since the reign of King
Taejong. In addition, naval bases (sujeonso) were built on each garrisoned post and
battleships were stationed there for the implementation of military strategies to
simultaneously defend the coastal areas from both land and sea when the enemy landed.
It was when Jeju became a direct target of the pirates during Sampo Waeran
(Japanese Riots in the Three Ports in 1510) and Eulmyo Waebyeon (Japanese Invasion
of 1555) that this defense system was reorganized. During Sampo Waeran, the
possibility was raised that the Japanese pirates, who had lost their base, would not
return to their homeland and thus would invade Jeju. During Eulmyo Waebyeon, the
pirates landed in Jeju and besieged Jeju Fortress for three days, which almost caused
the fall of Jeju. Throughout the two incidents, three major changes were made in the
defense system of Jeju: the reduction of the fortress, the relocation and merger of
garrisoned posts, and the restructuring of the beacon fire system. In the reorganization
process, Jeju's defense system seems to have established its own independent role as a
defense system only. However, Hallasan Bongsu, another beacon fire station appearing
in historical records and old maps, is identified to have been located in the current
Wanggwanneung Parasitic Cone and to have functioned as a connection system between
Jeju and the land, which had not been in place before.
Until now, the focus of research on defense facilities in Jeju has been fixed on their
operation during the late Joseon period. This study therefore focused on the coastal
defense facilities in the island to complement the relatively insufficient research on Jeju
defense facilities during the early Joseon period. The fact that regular changes were
made in the defense facilities shows that the Joseon government recognized the
importance of Jeju and was willing to defend its coasts. In addition, Hallasan Bongsu,
which was temporarily installed and operated as a last resort for the defense of Jeju,
demonstrates that the coastal defense of the central and local governments was
organically implemented.
Author(s)
고재혁
Issued Date
2021
Awarded Date
2021. 2
Type
Dissertation
URI
https://oak.jejunu.ac.kr/handle/2020.oak/23584
Alternative Author(s)
Ko, Jae Hyeok
Affiliation
제주대학교 대학원
Department
대학원 사학과
Advisor
전영준
Table Of Contents
Abstract
Ⅰ. 서론 1
1. 연구목적 1
2. 연구사 검토 및 연구 내용 4
Ⅱ. 왜구의 발생과 제주 방어의 필요성 9
Ⅲ. 조선 전기 제주의 관방시설 설치와 운용 21
1. 조선 전기 제주 해안방어 전력의 강화 21
2. 한라산 봉수의 置廢와 역할 35
Ⅳ. 결론 51
참고문헌 56
Degree
Master
Publisher
제주대학교 대학원
Citation
고재혁. (2021). 조선 전기 제주 해안 방어 연구
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